So far, the jury is still out!

I drink a lot of Zip Fuzz (and coffee) during the day so I wanted to know the pros and cons of Zip Fuss and what are all those ingredients and are these ingredients good or bad for you!

Is Zipfizz really healthy?

Zipfizz is a healthy energy mix, with only 20 calories, no sugar, and 2 net carbs. It contains 24 nutrients that give an energy boost usually in about 15 minutes. It is “the healthy alternative to energy drinks, sports drinks, and coffee.” Zipfizz transforms water into a healthy, energizing performance drink.

What are the benefits of zip fizz?

Zipfizz is a great-tasting, HEALTHY energy drink mix that delivers a powerful charge of micronutrients to the body’s fuel system. Zipfizz has packed a convenient rush of vitamins, minerals, electrolytes, and key amino acids that protect the immune system and provide enhanced hydration all in a single tube.

Does zip fizz contain caffeine?

Contains 100 mg of caffeine per serving. Not recommended for children, pregnant women, people sensitive to caffeine, or people with a health condition. Limit 2 tubes per day.

Can zip fizz cause bloat?

Zipfizz Liquid Shot comes in a 4 oz. bottle, which can be consumed immediately within a few gulps, unlike 16 oz energy drinks. “Larger energy drink servings take longer to consume and can cause bloating,” said Riley Livingston, president, and CEO of Zipfizz.

Are B12 vitamins good for you?

Vitamin B12 is a nutrient that helps keep your body’s blood and nerve cells healthy and helps make DNA, the genetic material in all of your cells. Vitamin B12 also helps prevent megaloblastic anemia, a blood condition that makes people tired and weak.

Is B12 better than caffeine?

Caffeine vs Vitamin B12

Caffeine has an effect on the nervous system, while B12 actually works to keep it healthy and firing at top speed. Whilst caffeine increases stress hormones in the body, B12 actually works to bring them down to normal levels. Like caffeine, B12 produces increased energy and decreases fatigue.

Does B12 give you energy?

Vitamin B12 along with B6 is best for energy. Almost every cell in the body uses B12. Besides helping form red blood cells, B12 converts fat and protein to energy. A B12 deficiency causes tiredness and anemia.

What does B12 do for the body?

Vitamin B-12 (cobalamin) plays an essential role in red blood cell formation, cell metabolism, nerve function, and the production of DNA, the molecules inside cells that carry genetic information. Food sources of vitamin B-12 include poultry, meat, fish, and dairy products

Does Zipfizz have any side effects?

Zipfizz may also cause gastrointestinal problems, including vomiting. In addition to being unpleasant, vomiting can rob you of nutrients and promote dehydration. High levels of vitamin B12 can cause vomiting, and caffeine may stimulate vomiting as well.

What sweetener is in Zipfizz?

Zipfizz contains no sugar. With only 20 calories, it is sweetened with Xylitol and Sucralose. Xylitol is a naturally occurring, low-calorie sugar substitute found in berries, fruits, and birch bark.

Is it okay to drink Zipfizz every day?

While Zipfizz is great for a boost, it’s not entirely healthy for your body. It’s perfectly fine to drink Zipfizz every day provided you’re relatively healthy and don’t have any medical conditions.

Is zip fizz good for hangovers?

Zipfizz is an easy, quick way to get vitamins and energy but not necessarily the best hangover cure. It contains primarily vitamin B12, but also has antioxidants and more essential vitamins. … Overall, I really like this product as a way to get vitamins and provide energy, but it’s a slightly below average hangover cure.

Why is Zipfizz bad?

Zipfizz contains artificial sweeteners such as xylitol and sucralose which are used to replace regular sugar. These artificial sweeteners are around 600 times sweeter than sugar and may adversely affect your gut health. Zipfizz also contains a whopping 2,500mcg of vitamin B12 per serve.

Does B12 help with belly fat?

Although research in humans is still very limited, some studies suggest that vitamin B12 could affect body fat and metabolism. One review concluded that vitamin B12 plays a key role in fat metabolism, noting that a deficiency could be linked to increased fat accumulation and obesity.

4-6 Hours of Enhanced Energy
Vitamin, Mineral, Electrolyte Drink Mix
Available in Limón, Black Cherry, Blueberry Raspberry, Fruit Punch, Grape, Orange Cream, Orange Soda, Pink Grapefruit, Pink Lemonade, Peach Mango or Pina Colada Flavors

Zipfizz® Healthy Energy Drink Mix

Zipfizz is a great-tasting, HEALTHY energy drink mix that delivers a powerful charge of micronutrients to the body’s fuel system.

4-6 hours of enhanced energy without the sugar crash!†
24 nutritional ingredients
High electrolytes
Loaded with antioxidants
100 mg of caffeine from natural sources
No artificial flavors or colors

Zipfizz supplies a convenient rush of vitamins, minerals, electrolytes, and key amino acids that protect the immune system and provide enhanced hydration. Perfect for athletes, busy families, students, executives, and people on the go. Zipfizz’s advanced formula delivers an immediate, revitalizing burst of energy and focus.†

Enhanced Performance

100 mg of naturally occurring caffeine from guarana and green tea leaf extract boosts energy levels and heightens alertness.†

Vitamin B12

104,167% Daily Value of Vitamin B12 increases mental focus and heightens alertness for focused energy.

Helps to:

restore mental clarity
support emotional balance
reduce stress†

Immune Boost

500 mg of Vitamin C deliver a high dose of antioxidants and help support the immune system.†

Note: equivalent to 5 glasses of orange juice.

1. Fill 16-20 fl. oz. of cold water into a sports bottle.

Leave room for effervescent powder.

2. Add 1 tube of powder.

Tip: Use Zipfizz in a smoothie or other non-carbonated beverage.

3. Shake and enjoy!

Supplement Facts

Black Cherry & Other Ingredients in Other Flavors

Energy Drink Preservatives and Artificial Colors

Besides the active ingredients in energy drinks, there are other chemicals placed in energy drinks to give them a longer shelf-life and a more vibrant color.

Citric acid – preservative and adds a sour taste
Sodium citrate – acidity regulator
Sodium benzoate – preservative
Potassium sorbate – preservative
Caramel color – food coloring
Benzoic acid – preservative, prevents mold
Sorbic acid – preservative
Sodium hexametaphosphate – an emulsifier
Gum arabic – stabilizer
Calcium disodium EDTA – a preservative and sequestrant
Potassium benzoate – preservative
Brominated vegetable oil – emulsifier
Monopotassium phosphate – buffering and neutralizing agent
Ester Gum – an emulsifier
Yellow 5 – artificial coloring
Yellow 6 – artificial coloring
Red 40 – artificial coloring
Blue 1 – artificial coloring

In some cases when people have adverse reactions to energy drinks, they could be allergic or sensitive to one of the above additives. The artificial colorings are particularly troublesome for some as well as the brominated vegetable oil.

https://www.caffeineinformer.com/energy-drink-side-effects

Ok, let’s break down each ingredient:

Citric Acid

Citric acid is an organic compound with the chemical formula HOC₂. Usually encountered as a white solid, it is a weak organic acid. It occurs naturally in citrus fruits. In biochemistry, it is an intermediate in the citric acid cycle, which occurs in the metabolism of all aerobic organisms. Wikipedia

Citric acid was first derived from lemon juice by a Swedish researcher in 1784.

The odorless and colorless compound was produced from lemon juice until the early 1900s when researchers discovered that it could also be made from the black mold Aspergillus niger, which creates citric acid when it feeds on sugar.

Because of its acidic, sour-tasting nature, citric acid is predominantly used as a flavoring and preserving agent, especially in soft drinks and candies.

It’s also used to stabilize or preserve medicines and as a disinfectant.

May protect against kidney stones

Citric acid — in the form of potassium citrate — prevents new kidney stone formation and breaks apart those already formed.

Kidney stones are solid masses made of crystals that typically originate in your kidneys.

Citric acid protects against kidney stones by making your urine less favorable for the formation of stones.

Kidney stones are often treated with citric acid as potassium citrate. However, consuming foods high in this natural acid — like citrus fruits — can offer similar kidney-stone-preventing benefits.

Safety and risks

Manufactured citric acid is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).

No scientific studies exist investigating the safety of manufactured citric acid when consumed in large amounts for long periods.

Still, there have been reports of sickness and allergic reactions to the additive.

One report found joint pain with swelling and stiffness, muscular and stomach pain, as well as shortness of breath in four people after they consumed foods containing manufactured citric acid.

These same symptoms were not observed in people consuming natural forms of acid, such as lemons and limes.

Researchers acknowledged that they couldn’t prove the manufactured citric acid was responsible for those symptoms but recommended that its use in foods and beverages be further studied.

In either case, the scientists suggested that the symptoms were most likely related to the mold used to produce the citric acid rather than the compound itself.

Although a weak acid, exposure to pure citric acid can cause adverse effects. Inhalation may cause cough, shortness of breath, or sore throat. Over-ingestion may cause abdominal pain and sore throat. Exposure of concentrated solutions to skin and eyes can cause redness and pain.^[45] Long-term or repeated consumption may cause erosion of tooth enamel.^[45]^[46]^[47]

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citric_acid

https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/citric-acid

Potassium Carbonate

Potassium carbonate, also known as pearl ash or salt of tartar, is a white powder with a salty taste. Originally, potassium carbonate was the byproduct of heating potash in a kiln to remove any impurities. Nowadays it can be synthetically created by exposing potassium chloride to a direct electrical current, then carbonating the resulting potassium hydroxide.

Once used as a leavening agent prior to the creation of baking powder, potassium carbonate is now widely used to make glass and soaps such as soft soaps and dishwasher soaps. Potassium carbonate continues to have culinary uses that include being utilized as an ingredient in cocoa powder and German gingerbread.

Harmful effects that can be caused by potassium carbonate

The ingestion of this compound can result in potassium carbonate poisoning, the symptoms of which include:

Burning in the mouth and throat
Diarrhea
Drooling
Severe mouth, throat, and abdominal pain
Throat swelling
Vomiting, often with blood

In the most extreme cases, collapse may come about due to the sudden drop in blood pressure. Moreover, swallowing potassium carbonate puts the body at risk of absorbing it. Potassium by itself can slow down the pulse and cause heart rhythm to become irregular. Fortunately, acute potassium poisoning after swallowing is relatively rare since vomiting typically occurs after. However, vomiting should never be induced as this doubles the chances of burning the throat and may cause the body to absorb potassium carbonate in larger amounts at a quicker rate.

Inhaling potassium carbonate can cause respiratory irritation. While non-volatile in nature, potassium carbonate is especially dangerous to persons with impaired respiratory function or respiratory diseases like chronic bronchitis or emphysema because it can worsen the symptoms of these diseases. Long-term exposure to potassium carbonate can even lead to respiratory diseases wherein the symptoms include difficulty breathing. Higher concentrations of potassium carbonate are considered a major risk factor for pneumoconiosis, a lung disease that results from dust inhalation and is marked by coughing, inflammation, and fibrosis or the scarring and hardening of lung tissue.

Potassium carbonate is highly irritating to the skin and may bring about inflammation on direct contact. It is especially dangerous for persons with pre-existing dermatitis conditions since potassium carbonate can further aggravate their skin problems. The same applies to open cuts and irritated or abraded skin; potassium carbonate can enter the bloodstream through open wounds and may bring systemic injury or poisoning into being. Furthermore, moist skin is at great risk of skin corrosion and accelerated tissue destruction.

In addition, potassium carbonate can irritate the eyes, Prolonged exposure can lead to severe conjunctival irritation and chemosis, limbal ischemia, permanent corneal damage and perforation, and even blindness. Eye disorders that reduce tear production or decrease the integrity of the eye can be exacerbated by potassium carbonate.

Body systems harmed by potassium carbonate

Potassium carbonate can cause acute toxicity when inhaled or ingested, making it harmful to the respiratory and digestive systems. It’s considered a contact hazard for the skin and eyes, and should never be directly exposed to both.

Where to learn more

Summary

Potassium carbonate is a compound that can be harmful to the skin, eyes, respiratory, and digestive system when exposed to any of these, regardless of the amounts of potassium carbonate. Ingesting this compound can cause one’s blood pressure to drop suddenly and can bring about collapse. Inhaling potassium carbonate can aggravate existing respiratory conditions and even cause one known as pneumoconiosis. Direct contact with potassium carbonate can intensify the symptoms of skin problems and eye disorders, while also increasing the risk of skin corrosion or particular eye disorders.

Sources include:

WorldOfChemicals.com
MedlinePlus.gov
CDC.gov
Datasheets.SCBT.com

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potassium_carbonate

https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Potassium-carbonate

Glucose Polymers

Beta-glucan

Glucose polymer and a type of viscous fiber.

Glucose polymers are simply extended chains of glucose otherwise known as starch and cellulose. … According to the Oxford Dictionary of Sports Science & Medicine, glucose polymers are used quite frequently in sports energy drinks because they provide a significant energy boost.

Are glucose polymers sugar? A glucose saccharide mixture of 3% glucose, 7% maltose, 5% maltotriose, and 85% polysaccharides of 4 to 15 glucose units, used in oral glucose tolerance tests.

Furthermore, What is the polymer of glucose called?, Glycogen is a storage form of energy in animals. It is a branched polymer composed of glucose units. It is more highly branched than amylopectin. Cellulose is a structural polymer of glucose units found in plants.

Finally, Are glucose polymers safe? Glucose polymers from rice or other starches in oral rehydration solutions may be effective, inexpensive, easily used, and safe treatments for acute diarrhea.

Uses

Glucose polymers are one such nutrient that helps provide a natural energy source that would be otherwise lacking in infant formulas. Just as they do for athletes, glucose polymers help to relieve fatigue in infants.

Furthermore, glucose polymers have been shown to encourage calcium absorption in individuals where this process is normally inhibited. Studies have shown that individuals taking supplements containing glucose polymers are much more likely to absorb calcium from natural food sources than those not using the substance.

Benefits

Glucose polymers have long been used as an energy booster in infant formulas.

Cautions

This side effect is known scientifically as the insulin effect. It is caused by a sudden drop in blood glucose levels which can cause dizziness, fatigue, mental confusion, and headaches. Although this side effect is rare it can still occur nonetheless.

In order to prevent sugar crashes, some supplement makers who specialize in sports drinks will combine glucose polymers with cornstarch and/or fructose. Fructose polymers are similar to glucose polymers yet they are absorbed and metabolized at a much slower rate.

This slower process helps to regulate blood glucose levels and can be of some assistance in preventing sugar crashes. The use of cornstarch effectively accomplishes the same purpose. Those with a tendency to suffer from gastrointestinal distress should stick to glucose polymers when possible.

To date, there have been no studies to suggest that using sports energy drinks with glucose polymers in them is dangerous. Quite to the contrary, is believed throughout the bodybuilding and sports training industries that these types of energy drinks could be the best among all options.

They provide the needed energy boost and fatigue prevention properties, thus allowing users to stack other supplements for other purposes. When supplements are stacked properly they provide the maximum benefits.

Interactions

None are known.

Other names

polysaccharides

References

Source: Exercise.com, https://www.exercise.com/supplements/glucose-polymers

WebMD, http://www.webmd.com/drugs/2/drug-19690/glucose-polymer-oral/details

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/glucose-polymer

Malic Acid

Malic acid is an organic compound with the molecular formula C₄H₆O₅. It is a dicarboxylic acid that is made by all living organisms, contributes to the sour taste of fruits, and is used as a food additive. Malic acid has two stereoisomeric forms (L– and D-enantiomers), though only the L-isomer exists naturally. The salts and esters of malic acid are known as malates. The malate anion is an intermediate in the citric acid cycle.

Malic acid is a chemical found in certain fruits and wines. It is sometimes used as medicine.

Malic acid is used most commonly for dry mouth. It is also used for fibromyalgia, fatigue, and skin conditions, but there is no good scientific evidence to support these other uses.

In foods, malic acid is used as a flavoring agent to give food a tart taste.

In manufacturing, malic acid is used to adjust the acidity of cosmetics.

Carl Wilhelm Scheele, a Swedish pharmacist, originally discovered this acid in apples in 1785. The name malic actually comes from the Latin name of apple, which is a malum.

Apples are the No. 1 natural source. In fact, of an apple’s total acid content, over 90 percent is malic acid.

One malic acid definition is a crystalline acid present in unripe apples and other fruits. The malic acid formula is C₄H₆O₅.

As you can see, the malic acid structure is composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.

Is malic acid sour?

Yes, it’s a tart-tasting organic acid, which is the reason why many natural foods have a sour or tart flavor. It’s also added to foods (like candy) to make them sour.

The human body also creates this acid.

What does malic acid do for the body?

It plays an important role in the Krebs cycle, which is an energy-producing sequence of reactions key to life.

What is malic acid used for?

There are many malic acids used in both the food and cosmetic industry. In addition to its key role in the body, it’s also added to foods to make them tart and in cosmetics to adjust their acidity.

What is the most common acid added to food?

It’s probably citric acid, but malic is used a lot as well. If you compare malic acid vs. citric acid, there are a lot of similarities, but malic acid pH is a bit more acidic than citric acid pH.

Like malic, citric acid is also naturally found in vegetables and fruits, especially citrus fruits. It’s also produced in living organisms during the Krebs cycle (which is also called the citric acid cycle).

Both malic and citric acid add tart flavor and act as preservatives.

Now, let’s take a look at potential malic acid benefits.

Benefits

1. General Energy Enhancer

As mentioned earlier, malic acid is produced by the human body, and it’s a key player in the Krebs cycle. This cycle includes the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fatty acids to create adenosine triphosphate, more commonly known as simply ATP.

This complex organic chemical provides cellular energy for all living organisms on earth.

2. Helps Treat Fibromyalgia and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

The combination of magnesium and malic acid is considered an alternative therapy for fibromyalgia, but more research is needed. Some research has pointed toward noticeable improvement in fibromyalgia symptoms after supplementing with magnesium malate.

Magnesium malate is also sometimes used for chronic fatigue syndrome.

What is malate? It’s a form of malic acid.

The main symptom of chronic fatigue syndrome or CFS is extreme fatigue. Fibromyalgia is another condition with fatigue as the main symptom.

Since malic acid plays an integral part in the energy-generating Krebs cycle that takes place in the human body, it makes some sense why some people choose to supplement with it for these conditions. However, there hasn’t been a great deal of research to date to support the use of malic acid supplements for these conditions.

3. Promotes Better Exercise Performance

As a supplement, malic acid is taken to boost athletic performance and discourage post-exercise muscle fatigue. Sometimes it’s taken in conjunction with creatine, a very popular supplement for people looking to increase lean muscle mass.

A study published in Acta Physiologica Hungarica in 2015 looked at the effects of a creatine malate supplement in long-distance runners as well as sprinters. Following six weeks of supplementation along with physical training, the researchers observed a significant increase in growth hormone in the sprinter group, and both the sprinters and long-distance runners experienced a physical performance boost.

For the long-distance runners, there was a significant increase in how much distance they covered.

4. Helps Common Skin Concerns (Like Wrinkles and Breakouts)

The use of this acid for skincare products is not uncommon. Due to its antioxidant and exfoliation benefits, it’s commonly used for a range of skin concerns, including fine lines and wrinkles, hyperpigmentation, acne, large pores, milia, warts, calluses, and more.

Sometimes it’s derived naturally, but it can also be synthetic or man-made too. It’s often combined with glycolic and lactic acids.

Malic acid is such an effective skin refiner because it encourages the shedding of the outer layer of skin cells. The shedding it promotes can have anti-aging effects since cell turnover slows as we age.

It’s also helpful for removing pore-clogging debris that can lead to acne.

5. Improves Oral Health

Some research demonstrates that this acid can improve symptoms of xerostomia (the fancy name for dry mouth) by stimulating saliva production in the mouth. Healthy saliva production also helps prevent the overgrowth of oral bacteria.

6. Boosts Iron Absorption

Everyone needs to get iron from the diet. Getting enough of this nutrient is especially important for pregnant women and people who struggle with anemia.

One study points out how vegetables rich in vitamin C as well as malic acid (like tomatoes and potatoes) are excellent choices if you’re looking to boost your iron absorption.

Risks, Side Effects, and Interactions

Is malic acid bad for you?

Consuming malic acid in food is generally regarded as safe and doesn’t cause any unwanted malic acid side effects.

On the other hand, consuming it as an additive, supplement, or in any synthetic form may cause side effects. For example, excessive consumption of malic acid candy (typically sour candies) is known to possibly cause irritation of the mouth, throat, or stomach.

In general, if you consume too much of anything containing added malic acid, it may irritate your mouth.

Possible side effects of a malic acid supplement may include stomach upset, diarrhea, nausea, headaches, or allergic reactions.

When applied to the skin, it may cause skin or eye irritation. Discontinue the use of a product containing this acid if you experience any unwanted side effects.

Taking it as a supplement or medicine is not recommended for pregnant or nursing women. Since it may lower blood pressure, it’s also not recommended for anyone prone to low blood pressure.

Is malic acid good for gallstones?

There is currently no research to support taking it for gallstones. However, eating fiber-rich whole foods like fruits and vegetables that contain this acid is associated with a decreased risk of gallstones.

See your health care provider if you have symptoms of gallstones.

Does malic acid raise blood sugar?

While consuming too many fruits containing this acid can certainly raise blood sugar, this organic acid is not known for causing increased glucose levels. In fact, a recent scientific trial theorized that the malic and citric acids found in pomegranates are major reasons why this fruit can lower blood glucose responses both chronically and acutely.

Does malic acid help weight loss?

Some sources say it can help improve fat breakdown, but the benefit of weight loss is unclear at this time so talk to your doctor before using it for this purpose.

In general, check with your health care provider before supplementing with this acid, especially if you are being treated for a medical condition or are currently taking medication. Keep supplements out of the reach of children.

How does it work?

Malic acid is involved in the Krebs cycle. This is a process the body uses to make energy. Malic acid is sour and acidic. This helps to clear away dead skin cells when applied to the skin. Its sourness also helps to make more saliva to help with dry mouth.

Side Effects

When taken by mouth: Malic acid is LIKELY SAFE when taken by mouth in food amounts. Malic acid is POSSIBLY SAFE when taken by mouth as a medicine.

When applied to the inside of the mouth: Malic acid is POSSIBLY SAFE when applied to the inside of the mouth as a spray or lozenge.

When applied to the skin: There isn’t enough reliable information to know if malic acid is safe. It might cause side effects such as skin and eye irritation.

Low blood pressure: Malic acid might lower blood pressure. In theory, malic acid might increase the risk of blood pressure becoming too low in people prone to low blood pressure.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malic_acid

https://draxe.com/nutrition/malic-acid-benefits/

Tartaric Acid

Tartaric acid is a white, crystalline organic acid that occurs naturally in many fruits, most notably in grapes, but also in bananas, tamarinds, and citrus.^[4] Its salt, potassium bitartrate, commonly known as cream of tartar, develops naturally in the process of fermentation. It is commonly mixed with sodium bicarbonate and is sold as the baking powder used as a leavening agent in food preparation. The acid itself is added to foods as an antioxidant E334 and imparts its distinctive sour taste.

Tartaric acid has been known to winemakers for centuries. However, the chemical process for extraction was developed in 1769 by the Swedish chemist Carl Wilhelm Scheele.^[5]

Tartaric acid played an important role in the discovery of chemical chirality. This property of tartaric acid was first observed in 1832 by Jean Baptiste Biot, who observed its ability to rotate polarized light.^[6]^[7] Louis Pasteur continued this research in 1847 by investigating the shapes of sodium ammonium tartrate crystals, which he found to be chiral. By manually sorting the differently shaped crystals, Pasteur was the first to produce a pure sample of levotartaric acid.

Tartaric acid is an organic acid that is present in plants, including grapes, tamarinds, and bananas. It is a diprotic acid, which means that it has two hydrogen atoms on each of its molecules that can be ionized in water. Tartaric acid salts are called tartrates.

The first form of this acid, derived from potassium tartrate, was isolated in the early part of the ninth century by Jabir ibn Hayyan. The Persian-born Hayyan was responsible for a number of firsts in the field of chemistry. Swedish chemist Carl Wilhelm Scheele later developed the modern method for obtaining this substance in 1769.

This acid is naturally-occurring, but can also be synthetically reproduced. Two forms of tartaric acid, levotartaric acid, and mesotartaric acid can be created artificially. The first pure levotartaric acid sample was created by Louis Pasteur in 1847.

The most common use of tartaric acid is as a food additive. It is often added to certain kinds of candy to give it a sour taste. Cream of tartar, known chemically as potassium bitrate, is typically used to stabilize egg whites, and as an active ingredient in baking powder. This acid is also found in wine and is responsible for wine diamonds, which are small potassium bitartrate crystals that occasionally form on wine corks.

This substance is also used as an emetic to induce vomiting and as a laxative. In addition, it functions as an antioxidant. This means that it limits or prevents the oxidization of molecules in the body, in order to prevent the formation of free radicals.

High levels of tartaric acid can be dangerous because it can act as a muscle toxin. When ingested in certain amounts, it inhibits the creation of malic acid, and an overdose can cause paralysis or death. A lethal dose in humans is approximately 7.5 grams (g) per kilogram (kg). This means that a human weighing 70 kg would need to ingest at least 500 g of it, for it to become toxic.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tartaric_acid

Alpha-lipoic acid

Alpha-lipoic acid is an antioxidant that is made naturally in the body and is also found in foods. It is used to break down carbohydrates and to make energy.

Alpha-lipoic acid can be eaten in foods, such as red meat, carrots, beets, spinach, broccoli, and potatoes. It is also available in supplements. Because alpha-lipoic acid seems to work as an antioxidant, it might provide protection to the brain and also be helpful in certain liver diseases.

People most commonly use alpha-lipoic acid for nerve pain in people with diabetes. It is also used for obesity, altitude sickness, aging skin, high levels of cholesterol or other fats in the blood, and many other purposes, but there is no good scientific evidence to support many of these other uses.

Possibly Effective for

Nerve pain in people with diabetes (diabetic neuropathy). Taking 600-1800 mg of alpha-lipoic acid by mouth or by IV seems to improve symptoms such as burning, pain, and numbness in the legs and arms of people with diabetes. Lower doses of alpha-lipoic acid don’t seem to work. IV products can only be given by a healthcare provider.
High levels of cholesterol or other fats (lipids) in the blood (hyperlipidemia). Taking alpha-lipoic acid by mouth for up to 4 years seems to lower total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL or “bad”) cholesterol in people with or without hyperlipidemia.
Obesity. Taking alpha-lipoic acid by mouth can slightly reduce body weight in adults who are overweight.

Possibly Ineffective for

Liver disease in people who drink alcohol. Taking alpha-lipoic acid by mouth daily for up to 6 months does not improve liver function or reduce liver damage in people with alcohol-related liver disease.
Altitude sickness. Taking alpha-lipoic acid by mouth along with vitamin C and vitamin E does not seem to prevent altitude sickness.

Nerve damage in the hands and feet is caused by cancer drug treatment. Taking alpha-lipoic acid by mouth during chemotherapy with cisplatin or oxaliplatin doesn’t seem to reduce nerve damage in the arms and legs that is caused by chemotherapy.
Kidney damage caused by contrast dyes (contrast-induced nephropathy). Taking alpha-lipoic acid by mouth with or without standard hydration therapy during a coronary angiography doesn’t seem to prevent kidney damage caused by contrast agents.
Diabetes. Taking alpha-lipoic acid by mouth or by IV does not improve blood sugar levels in people with type 1 or type 2 diabetes.
Vision problems in people with diabetes (diabetic retinopathy). Taking alpha-lipoic acid by mouth daily for 24 months doesn’t improve eye damage from diabetes.
Dementia in people with advanced HIV/AIDS. Taking alpha-lipoic acid by mouth has no effect on thinking problems in people with HIV.
High levels of fats called triglycerides in the blood (hypertriglyceridemia). Taking alpha-lipoic acid by mouth doesn’t seem to reduce triglyceride levels in most people.

There is interest in using alpha-lipoic acid for a number of other purposes, but there isn’t enough reliable information to say whether it might be helpful.

When taken by mouth: Alpha-lipoic acid is possibly safe for most adults when taken for up to 4 years. It is usually well-tolerated. The most common side effects are headache, heartburn, nausea, and vomiting.

When applied to the skin: Alpha-lipoic acid is possibly safe for most adults when used as a cream for up to 12 weeks. It might cause a rash in some people.

https://www.webmd.com/vitamins/ai/ingredientmono-767/alpha-lipoic-acid

https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/supplement/alpha-lipoic-acid

Calcium Ascorbate

Calcium ascorbate is one of the mineral ascorbates or mineral salts of ascorbic acids. It combines calcium, a mineral, with ascorbic acid, also known as vitamin C. The addition of calcium salts to ascorbic acid buffers the acidity of the ascorbic acid, making it much easier for a person to digest the mineral salt and for it to be absorbed by the digestive tract. The combination is also convenient in that it provides supplementation for both calcium and vitamin C in one dose. Generally, 1,000 milligrams of calcium ascorbate provide approximately 900 milligrams of vitamin C and 100 milligrams of calcium.

This supplement is not without risks, however. Vitamin C is water-soluble, which means that the body flushes it out of the body through the urinary tract. Even so, excessive vitamin C intake of 500 milligrams or more has shown that it might cause damage to healthy DNA and increase the chances of hemochromatosis, a disease in which the body stores too much iron. High levels of calcium might cause kidney stones, soft tissue calcification, and renal insufficiency.

Calcium ascorbate has limited uses. Besides supplements, it also is used as a food supplement source of vitamin C and as an additive to keep fruits fresh. It is added to freshly cut fruits and vegetables to prevent them from turning brown and to extend their shelf life.

https://www.webmd.com/drugs/2/drug-10417/ascorbate-calcium-vitamin-c-oral/details

https://www.curezone.org/forums/fm.asp?i=374568

Natural Bing Cherry Flavor

Nothing beats the taste and aroma of fresh, ripe cherry. Or does it? According to Eric Schlosser of “Fast Food Nation” fame, the food supply contains more artificial ingredients than natural ingredients. Artificial cherry flavoring, for example, consists of chemicals — primarily benzaldehyde — as opposed to natural fruit extract.

Research has shown that when “natural” appears on food packaging, people tend to form positive opinions about the product, including how healthy it is.

However, since the FDA hasn’t officially defined this term, it can be used to describe almost any type of food.

In the case of a natural flavor, the original source must be a plant or animal. By contrast, the original source of an artificial flavor is a synthetic chemical (5).

Importantly, all flavors contain chemicals, whether they are natural or artificial. In fact, every substance in the world, including water, is composed of chemicals.

Natural flavors are complex mixtures created by specially trained food chemists known as flavorists.

However, members of the Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association (FEMA), a trade group that evaluates the safety of flavor additives in the United States, have been criticized by nutrition experts and public interest groups for not disclosing safety data on natural flavors.

In most cases, natural flavors appear safe for human consumption when consumed occasionally in processed foods.

However, given the number of chemicals that may be part of a natural flavor mixture, adverse reactions may be possible.

For people who have food allergies or follow special diets, it’s very important to investigate what substances a natural flavoring contains.

If you have allergies and want to dine out, ask for ingredients lists. Although restaurants aren’t legally required to provide this information, many do so to attract and retain customers.

History

In 1917, the National Association of Retail Druggists published a recipe for artificial cherry flavoring. Its formulation contained ethyl acetate, ethyl benzoate, oil of persicot, benzoic acid, glycerin, and alcohol. The formula was originally published to prove that artificial flavors were inferior to nature and would be a passing fad. Instead, artificial flavors have become more complicated and prevalent over time.

Artificial vs. Natural

Shlosser contends that most flavors can now be chemically replicated in a lab. Artificial flavorings are often favored over natural flavors because they are more shelf-stable; they can be reproduced quite accurately and inexpensively and can withstand processing. They are also readily available and of consistent quality.

Safety

The FDA states that artificial flavoring is no less safe, nutritious, or desirable than natural flavors and that benzaldehyde is safe for human consumption. However, the U.S. Occupational Safety & Health Administration, or OSHA, begs to differ. OSHA finds several known health factors related to benzaldehyde: irritation of the eyes, skin, nose, and throat and contact dermatitis.

https://www.leaf.tv/articles/what-are-artificial-cherry-flavors-made-from/

https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/natural-flavors#TOC_TITLE_HDR_3

SUMMARYAlthough natural flavorings must meet safety requirements, individual reactions may occur. People who have allergies or follow special diets should be very cautious about consuming them.

Natural Flavors

(a)(1) The term artificial flavor or artificial flavoring means any substance, the function of which is to impart flavor, which is not derived from a spice, fruit or fruit juice, vegetable or vegetable juice, edible yeast, herb, bark, bud, root, leaf or similar plant material, meat, fish, poultry, eggs, dairy products, or fermentation products thereof. Artificial flavor includes the substances listed in §§ 172.515(b) and 182.60 of this chapter except where these are derived from natural sources.

What are natural flavors?

The FDA allows food companies to use the term “natural flavors” to describe any food additive that originated in nature.

If they originated in nature, what’s the problem? you may be asking.

According to David Andrews, Senior Scientist at the Environmental Working Group (EWG), this:

Here are my top four reasons to avoid natural flavors

Reason #1: natural flavors are 90 percent chemical junk

As you learned above, 80 to 90 percent of the ingredients that make up natural flavors contain chemical solvents and preservatives. These include the cancer-causing chemical BHA, propylene glycol (found in antifreeze), and genetically modified organisms (GMOs).

Reason #2: natural flavors are basically perfumes for your mouth

Cleaning products, perfumes, and cosmetics contain a combination of chemicals called “fragrances.” In processed food, this chemical mixture is called a “flavor.” Because smell comprises 80 to 90 percent of the sense of taste, fragrances and flavors are often alarmingly similar in chemical composition.

Reason #3: natural flavors are designed by Big Food to be addictive

There are four huge corporations that control the $24 billion market for both flavors and fragrances: Givaudan, Firmenich, IFF, and Symrise.

In a fascinating 2011 interview that aired on 60 Minutes, scientists from Givaudan, one of the aforementioned power players in the food flavoring world, admitted their number one goal when creating flavors was to make them addictive!

[bctt tweet=” Scientists have admitted that natural flavors are designed to be addictive.” username=” nutrition guy”]

Reason #4: The FDA lets flavor companies call the shots

Incredibly, the FDA frequently allows food companies to develop their own food additives without providing oversight or safety reviews of their chemical concentrations. These companies are smart: they hire expensive lawyers to ensure they’ve followed the archaic FDA processes when developing their flavors … and generally, the FDA leaves them alone.

Scientist David Andrews sums it up once again:

The truth is that when you see the word “flavor” on a food label, you have almost no clue what chemicals may have been added to the food under the umbrella of this vague term. For people who have uncommon food allergies or are on restricted diets, this can be a serious concern.

[Natural flavors] will often have some solvent and preservatives—and that makes up 80 to 90 percent of the volume. In the end product, it’s a small amount, but it still has artificial ingredients.

https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/cfrsearch.cfm?fr=101.22

https://www.fda.gov/consumers/consumer-updates/whats-name-what-every-consumer-should-know-about-foods-and-flavors

https://www.purefoodcompany.com/what-are-natural-flavors/

Magnesium Glycinate

The National Institutes of Health’s definition of magnesium is “an abundant mineral in the body that is is naturally present in many foods, added to other food products and available as a dietary supplement, and present in some medicines (such as antacids and laxatives).”

Magnesium is both an essential mineral and electrolyte. It’s involved in the regulation of cellular stress and activity, which means people experiencing lots of stress may benefit from getting more.

Magnesium glycinate is one type of magnesium supplement that is available to increase levels in people who can use more magnesium, including those with anxiety, diabetes, heart issues, and pain. It consists of the mineral magnesium bound to the amino acid glycine. It’s considered to be one of the most effective types of magnesium supplements due to its bioavailability — plus it’s also fast-acting, generally well-tolerated, and unlikely to cause loose stools (diarrhea).

The absorption rate and bioavailability of magnesium supplements differ depending on the kind. Usually, types that are chelated and those that dissolve in liquid are better absorbed in the gut than less soluble forms. Magnesium glycinate is a chelated form. This means it tends to be better utilized by the body than other forms that are excreted more easily.

https://www.healthline.com/health/magnesium-glycinate#supplements

Caffeine ( Guarana seed extract )

The guarana seed extract is loaded with ten times more antioxidant catechins than green tea. Though antioxidant catechins are found in several foods, they are found in higher concentrations inside the seeds of guarana fruit. Over the years, several studies have documented the health benefits of guarana. Clinical studies have demonstrated that guarana seeds are rich in catechins that reduce oxidative stress, reducing the risk of cancer, diabetes, premature aging, and inflammation among the other harmful health conditions. Regular consumption of guarana can also aid in weight loss and reduce obesity. However, guarana is very high in caffeine, and this can have dangerous side effects for those who experience chronic stress.

In addition to its antioxidant effects, guarana is very high in caffeine. Caffeine stimulates the central nervous system, muscles, and heart. Guarana also contains theobromine and theophylline, which function similarly to caffeine. For some, this can cause adverse health effects if you take guarana or guarana seed extract.

Too much stimulation and caffeine can make you feel wired and tired, anxious, jittery, or sleepless, and it can cause a fast heartbeat and worsen adrenal fatigue. Many people with AFS already suffer from insomnia, anxiety, stress, and tiredness. Guarana or a guarana overdose can worsen these adrenal fatigue symptoms by overstimulating the nervous system. Adrenal crashes may result. Because of this, health experts suggest those suffering from adrenal fatigue go for a caffeine-free diet.

The short-term and long-term side effects of caffeine overdose include:

quickened heartbeat
dizziness
high blood pressure
anxiety
insomnia
heart problems
kidney problems
liver disease
diabetes

Above all, caffeine overdoses can cause seizures.

In contrast to guarana seed extract, natural guarana comes with fiber which slows down the absorption process. Since the caffeine from the whole guarana is slowly released into the body, the negative effects of caffeine are considerably less. This is why guarana seed extract can be dangerous for some.

https://www.drlamcoaching.com/blog/secrets-of-guarana-seed-extract-antioxidants-and-caffeine/

Magnesium Amino Acid Chelate

Magnesium is a naturally occurring mineral. Magnesium is important for many systems in the body especially the muscles and nerves. Chelated magnesium is in a form that is easily absorbed by the body.

Chelated magnesium is used as a supplement to maintain adequate magnesium in the body.

What is magnesium amino acid chelate used for?

This medication is a mineral supplement used to prevent and treat low amounts of magnesium in the blood. Some brands are also used to treat symptoms of too much stomach acid such as stomach upset, heartburn, and acid indigestion.

Is magnesium amino acid chelate well for you?

Magnesium acid chelates have a range of reported benefits, from increased energy levels to improved mood, cognition, and heart health.

What are the benefits of taking chelated magnesium?

Magnesium is important for many systems in the body especially the muscles and nerves. Chelated magnesium is in a form that is easily absorbed by the body. Chelated magnesium is used as a supplement to maintain adequate magnesium in the body.

What does amino acid chelate mean?

“Chelated” minerals are among the mineral supplements touted for their improved absorption. The word, chelate (pronounced: key late) means to create a ring-like complex, or in loose terms ‘to grab and bond to‘. Most clelated formulas use protein molecules, i.e. chains of amino acids.

What is chelated magnesium made from?

Organic acids used to make mineral chelates include: Acetic acid: used to make zinc acetate, calcium acetate, and more. Citric acid: used to make chromium citrate, magnesium citrate, and more. Orotic acid: used to make magnesium orotate, lithium orotate, and more.

Is magnesium chelate good for anxiety?

In addition to these benefits, magnesium may be helpful as a natural treatment for anxiety.While further studies are needed, there is research to suggest magnesium may help fight anxiety. More recently, a 2017 review that looked at 18 different studies found that magnesium did reduce anxiety.

Does magnesium chelate help you sleep?

Magnesium is a relatively new treatment recommendation for better sleep. This nutrient plays a large role in sleep regulation¹. Current research shows that additional magnesium can help the body relax and even improve symptoms of insomnia.

What should I discuss with my healthcare provider before taking chelated magnesium?

You should not use chelated magnesium if you are allergic to it, or if you have kidney disease.

Ask a doctor or pharmacist if it is safe for you to use this product if you have other medical conditions, especially:

diabetes;
Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis;
if you are malnourished; or
if you drink large amounts of alcohol.

Artificially sweetened forms of this product may contain phenylalanine. Check the medication label if you have phenylketonuria (PKU).

Ask a doctor before using chelated magnesium if you are pregnant or breastfeeding. Your dose needs may be different during pregnancy or while you are nursing.

Do not give chelated magnesium to a child without medical advice.

What are the possible side effects of chelated magnesium?

Get emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction: hives; severe dizziness; difficult breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat.

Stop using this product and call your doctor at once if you have:

severe or ongoing diarrhea;
muscle cramps; or
depression, feeling tired or irritable.

Common side effects may include:

diarrhea;
nausea, stomach pain; or
upset stomach.

This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.

What other drugs will affect chelated magnesium?

Ask a doctor or pharmacist if it is safe for you to use this product if you are also using any of the following drugs:

digoxin, digitalis, Lanoxin;
an antibiotic –ciprofloxacin, demeclocycline, doxycycline, levofloxacin, minocycline, moxifloxacin, norfloxacin, ofloxacin, tetracycline, or others; or
medicines for osteoporosis or Paget’s disease –alendronate, etidronate, ibandronate (Boniva), pamidronate, risedronate, zoledronic acid (Reclast, Zometa), or others.

More info at:

https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/10-proven-magnesium-benefits#TOC_TITLE_HDR_5

https://www.webmd.com/drugs/2/drug-93108/magnesium-amino-acid-chelate-oral/details

Potassium Bicarbonate

Potassium is a mineral that is found naturally in foods and is necessary for the normal function of your heart, muscles, and nerves. Potassium bicarbonate is used to treat or prevent low potassium (hypokalemia). Potassium bicarbonate may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide.

Is potassium bicarbonate safe to consume?

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recognizes potassium bicarbonate as a safe substance when used appropriately. The FDA limits over-the-counter potassium supplements to 100 milligrams per dose.

Is sodium bicarbonate safe to drink?

When taken by mouth: Sodium bicarbonate is LIKELY SAFE when taken appropriately, short-term. Over-the-counter antacid products containing sodium bicarbonate are considered safe and effective by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA).

Potassium hydrogen carbonate (also known by the archaic name potassium bicarbonate or potassium acid carbonate) is the inorganic compound with the chemical formula KHCO₃. It is a white solid.

Is potassium bicarbonate the same as baking soda?

Potassium bicarbonate is widely considered to be one of the best substitutes for baking soda in a recipe. This is because potassium bicarbonate has the same leavening capabilities as baking soda, but there is one distinct difference: it does not contain any of the sodium that baking soda possesses.

What is potassium bicarbonate used for?

Potassium bicarbonate/potassium citrate is used to prevent and treat low blood potassium (hypokalemia) and in patients with chronic renal disease or any condition impairing potassium, excretion requires careful monitoring.

What kind of drug is potassium bicarbonate?

This medication is a mineral supplement used to treat or prevent low amounts of potassium in the blood. A normal level of potassium in the blood is important. Potassium helps your cells, kidneys, heart, muscles, and nerves work properly.

Is sodium bicarbonate good for kidneys?

In fact, taking sodium phosphate as a drug can be dangerous for people with kidney disease. On the other hand, sodium bicarbonate (AKA baking soda) is useful for some people with kidney disease. For them, baking soda makes bloodless acid, which slows the progression of kidney disease.

Does potassium bicarbonate contain salt?

This FDA denomination classifies potassium bicarbonate as a GRAS ingredient. Potassium hydrogen carbonate is a potassium salt that is the monopotassium salt of carbonic acid. It has fungicidal properties and is used in organic farming for the control of powdery mildew and apple scab.

Which is better potassium citrate or potassium bicarbonate?

Potassium bicarbonate decreases urine Ca excretion during long-term therapy [81, 82]. The magnitude of the lowering is greater in those with higher baseline urine Ca excretion. Potassium citrate provides a sustained alkali load compared to the short-term actions of potassium bicarbonate.

What are the signs of low potassium?

Muscle twitches.
Muscle cramps or weakness.
Muscles that will not move (paralysis)
Abnormal heart rhythms.
Kidney problems.

Why can’t you lay down after taking a potassium pill?

Sucking on a potassium tablet can irritate your mouth or throat. Avoid lying down for at least 30 minutes after you take this medication.

What color is your urine when your kidneys are failing?

When kidneys are failing, the increased concentration and accumulation of substances in urine lead to a darker color which may be brown, red, or purple. The color change is due to abnormal protein or sugar, high levels of red and white blood cells, and high numbers of tube-shaped particles called cellular casts.

more info at:

https://www.drugs.com/mtm/potassium-bicarbonate.html

https://www.everydayhealth.com/drugs/potassium-bicarbonate

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potassium_bicarbonate

Sodium Bicarbonate

Sodium bicarbonate is a salt that breaks down to form sodium and bicarbonate in water. This breakdown makes a solution alkaline, meaning it is able to neutralize the acid. Because of this, sodium bicarbonate is often used to treat conditions caused by high acidity in the body, such as heartburn.

People use sodium bicarbonate for athletic performance, kidney damage caused by contrast dyes (contrast-induced nephropathy), indigestion (dyspepsia), stomach ulcers, dental plaque, tooth discoloration, and many other conditions, but there is no good scientific evidence to support these uses.

People also use sodium bicarbonate, or baking soda, as an ingredient in baking.

How does it work?

Sodium bicarbonate is a salt that breaks down in fluids, including blood and urine, to form sodium and bicarbonate. This breakdown buffers the blood and makes it less acidic. This ability to neutralize acid helps treat conditions related to high acidity in bodily fluids, such as indigestion, which is caused by too much acid in the stomach.

Potential Health Hazards from Sodium Bicarbonate

While sodium bicarbonate is generally not considered to be amongst the most harmful of chemicals, exposure to large amounts may result in some adverse health effects, such as:

Coughing and sneezing if a high concentration of dust has been inhaled
Gastrointestinal irritation can occur if large amounts have been ingested
Mild irritation, such as redness and slight pain, may result from eye contact
In dry form, it’s typically non-irritating to intact skin; however, it can cause irritation to damaged skin when moisture is present

Can you drink sodium bicarbonate?

What are the dangers of drinking baking soda? Drinking small amounts of baking soda is not usually dangerous. In adults, this can provide short-term relief from indigestion. However, drinking large amounts of baking soda is dangerous, and it is not suitable for long-term use, use during pregnancy, or use in children.

Is it safe to take sodium bicarbonate daily?

The FDA suggests a maximum daily dosage of 200 mEq sodium and 200 mEq bicarbonate in people up to 60 years old, and a maximum daily dosage of 100 mEq sodium and 100 mEq bicarbonate in people over 60 years old for up to 2 weeks. Taking sodium bicarbonate by mouth in high doses is POSSIBLY UNSAFE.

more  info at:

https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a682001.html

https://www.ehs.com/2015/02/safety-with-sodium-bicarbonate/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_bicarbonate

Beet Root (for color)

What does beetroot do for you?

Packed with essential nutrients, beetroots are a great source of fiber, folate (vitamin B9), manganese, potassium, iron, and vitamin C. Beetroots and beetroot juice have been associated with numerous health benefits, including improved blood flow, lower blood pressure, and increased exercise performance.

Why are beets bad for you?

Risks of overconsumption include Increased risk of kidney stones: Since beets are high in the compound oxalate, eating too many can contribute to kidney stone formation. Beeturia: With beeturia, urine may turn pink or red. Additionally, stool may become discolored.

Who should not take beetroot?

Anyone who has low blood pressure or is currently taking blood pressure medication should speak with a healthcare professional before adding beets or beetroot juice to their diet. Beets contain high levels of oxalates, which can cause kidney stones in people with a high risk of this condition.

What is the healthiest way to eat beets?

Raw beets contain more vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants than cooked beets. Like many vegetables, the longer you cook beets (especially in water), the more of the colorful phytonutrients leach out of the food and into the water. Retain the good-for-you nutrients in beets by roasting them or sautéing them instead.

Is it better to drink beet juice or eat beets?

To get the most health benefits from beets, you should actually eat them raw or juice them, since cooking them depletes their phytonutrient value. Watch naturopathic specialist Pina LoGiudice, ND, explain why it’s best to drink beets in juice form.

Beetroots are a great source of many essential vitamins and minerals.

Folate (vitamin B9). One of the B vitamins, folate is important for normal tissue growth and cell function. It’s particularly necessary for pregnant women.
Manganese. An essential trace element, manganese is found in high amounts in whole grains, legumes, fruits, and vegetables.
Potassium. A diet high in potassium can lead to reduced blood pressure levels and positive effects on heart health (6Trusted Source).
Iron. An essential mineral, iron has many important functions in your body. It’s necessary for the transport of oxygen in red blood cells.
Vitamin C. This well-known vitamin is an antioxidant that is important for immune function and skin health

Is beetroot juice good for energy?

Beets are one of the best foods to support your liver and your blood flow, as they’re especially high in antioxidants and nitrates. Beet juice is especially known to increase energy and stamina for exercise, lower blood pressure, and enhance your body’s detoxification ability.

more info at:

https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/foods/beetroot

Caramel (for color)

Caramel for Energy Drinks is made simply with sugar and water and provides color and taste to the finished product. This burnt sugar is also stable in all kinds of drinks including beers and colas. Caramel for energy drinks comes in 20 great caramel colors and has a suggested shelf life of two years.

Caramel color is one of the primary ingredients in soda for many reasons. However, it’s quite controversial for many reasons as well. Caramel color is an ingredient in literally thousands of food products including soda. It can be produced using several different methods and it has become an ingredient that is under huge scrutiny for possible health risks.

You will find caramel coloring in thousands of food products including desserts, fruit preserves, beer, bread, liquors, chocolate, shellfish, and of course, soda. Take a look through your kitchen. You will find the ingredient in everything from frozen waffles to ketchup. It can be quite disturbing when you realize this. Up until recent years, many experts believed that caramel color was non-essential, yet harmless nonetheless. However, the state of California now believes it to be a carcinogen.

Caramel color is produced when carbohydrates are heated with other substances present including salts, acids, and alkalis. These other substances react with the heated carbohydrates to create a caramelized substance. This is much the same thing that happens when caramelized sugar and candies are made, however, because sugar is not what is present during the caramel color-making process, the substance produced is not sweet. It is bitter. Sugar is added to make your soda taste sweet. Caramel color tends to smell like burned sugar and can range in color from gold to dark brown depending on how much heat is added.

When the carbohydrates are heated a chemical is produced called 4-methylimidazole also called 4-MI and 4-MEI. Sometimes another chemical is produced when caramel color is made called ammonia-sulfite. The state of California believes that both of these chemicals should be labeled as carcinogens and if a product contains enough of these chemicals, the state will label them as carcinogens in the same way cigarettes are labeled. In order to avoid this, soda manufacturers have changed their caramel color manufacturing methods

Is natural caramel color safe?

Caramel colors have been approved and safely used in foods and beverages for decades. Numerous safety studies have been conducted on caramel colors as well as important constituents of toxicological concern. Caramel colors are not genotoxic or carcinogenic and robust Acceptable Daily Intakes have been established.

Date: February 18, 2015 Source: Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthSummary:

Public health researchers have analyzed soda consumption data in order to characterize people’s exposure to a potentially carcinogenic byproduct of some types of caramel color. Caramel color is a common ingredient in colas and other dark soft drinks. The results show that between 44 and 58 percent of people over the age of six typically have at least one can of soda per day, possibly more, potentially exposing them to 4-methylimidazole (4-MEI), a possible human carcinogen formed during the manufacture of some kinds of caramel color.

more info at:

http://www.overcaffeinated.org/ingredient/caramel-color/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4152495/https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/02/150218191653.htm

Silica

Silicon dioxide (silica) is found in many multivitamin and mineral supplements because silicon is necessary for good health. As a necessary nutrient for the health of your skin, hair, nails, and bones, dietary silicon may also help to prevent arthritis and osteoporosis.

In order to improve the texture and shelf life of granular and powdered food products, such as protein powders and seasonings, anti-caking additives are often used. One such additive is silicon dioxide, which has the ability to help prevent ingredients from becoming moist and clumping together.

What is silicon dioxide exactly, and is it safe? Also known as silica, this compound exists in nature in the form of certain minerals and is also man-made in labs to be used in foods, supplements, and cosmetics.

The type found in our food supply has been shown to be safe in studies, however ongoing exposure to certain types of silicon dioxide can pose a risk to people who work in mining, construction, and steel industries.

Is it safe to consume silica?

Silica gel is chemically inert. This means it won’t break down in the body and cause poisoning. However, because it won’t break down, the gel or packet and gel can cause choking. That’s why manufacturers often label them with “Do not eat” or “Throw away after using.”

Is drinking silica bad?

Although consuming silica doesn’t appear to have negative effects, inhaling small particles of it can increase your risk of developing serious silica-related diseases, such as Silicosis. Lung cancer. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

What does silica do to the human body?

Silica is an important trace mineral that provides strength and flexibility to the connective tissues of your body — cartilage, tendons, skin, bone, teeth, hair, and blood vessels. Silica is essential in the formation of collagen, the most abundant protein found in your body.

Is silica really healthy?

Silica has been shown to help your heart and the immune system: Recent research has found that silica can improve your heart health by reducing the risk of atherosclerosis, also known as the hardening of the arteries.

Where is silica found in the world?

The most common form of crystalline silica is quartz, which is found in sand, gravel, clay, granite, diatomaceous earth, and many other forms of rock. Non-crystalline silica is found in glass, silicon carbide, and silicone. These materials are much less hazardous to the lungs.

more info at:

https://www.healthline.com/health/food-nutrition/is-silicon-dioxide-in-supplements-safe

https://draxe.com/nutrition/what-is-silicon-dioxide/

Potassium Citrate

Potassium citrate is made of the mineral potassium and the substance citrate, which is a sour salt. The sour characteristic of citrate helps to mask the acidic taste of soda and to provide a more pleasant, balanced tart flavor.

Is potassium citrate in drinks bad for you?

Serious side effects of citric acid, potassium citrate, and sodium citrate include numbness or tingly feeling, swelling or rapid weight gain, muscle twitching or cramps, fast or slow heart rate, confusion, or mood changes, bloody or tarry stools, severe stomach pain, ongoing diarrhea, or seizure (convulsions).

Is potassium citrate in drinks good for you?

Potassium citrate is an important supplement for human health. It is a common treatment for the prevention of kidney stones.

What does potassium citrate do to your body?

This medication is used to make the urine less acidic. This effect helps the kidneys get rid of uric acid, thereby helping to prevent gout and kidney stones. This medication can also prevent and treat certain metabolic problems (acidosis) caused by kidney disease.

What is potassium citrate in beverages?

Potassium citrate, an ingredient in many soft drinks, is a natural potassium salt that comes from the citric acid of citrus fruits. … Potassium citrates are used medicinally as a diuretic, to reduce acidity in the urine, as a potassium supplement, and to control kidney stones resulting from uric acid.

What are the side effects of potassium citrate?

confusion, anxiety, feeling like you might pass out;
uneven heartbeat;
extreme thirst increased urination;
leg discomfort;
muscle weakness or limp feeling;
numbness or tingly feeling in your hands or feet, or around your mouth;

Can potassium citrate raise blood pressure?

They found a significant decline in blood pressure with potassium citrate, but no significant change in blood pressure with potassium chloride.

What is potassium citrate made from?

It occurs naturally in foods, especially in fruits. However, in commercial production, it is chemically synthesized by the reaction between citric acid and potassium hydroxide or potassium carbonate.

more info at:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potassium_citrate

http://www.chinafooding.com/829/Soft_Drinks_with_Potassium_Citrate

https://www.uofmhealth.org/health-library/d03951a1

Taurine

Taurine is a conditional amino acid that has various effects throughout the body, most notably on neurological and muscular development. Although humans usually consume small amounts of taurine from natural dietary sources,greater doses of the substance are found in many energy drink products.

Why is taurine bad for you in energy drinks?

In fact, it’s just the opposite, as the ingredient is added to popular energy drinks as a nervous system depressant and just has a stimulating effect on the brain. When you ingest taurine, it suppresses the neurotransmitter receptors responsible for triggering excitatory effects in your brain.

Is drinking taurine bad for you?

Taurine has been shown to have several health benefits, such as a lower risk of disease and improved sports performance ( 3 , 4 ). It is also very safe and has no known side effects when taken in reasonable doses.

What does taurine do to the body?

Taurine has important functions in the heart and brain. It helps support nerve growth.It might also benefit people with heart failure by lowering blood pressure and calming the nervous system. This might help prevent heart failure from becoming worse.

Does taurine give you energy?

Taurine boosts physical performance by helping the flow of glucose to the muscles, thus ensuring primary energy source for operation. Taurine is popular among bodybuilders, as it helps in protein synthesis, thus supporting the growth of muscle mass.

Is taurine bad for your kidneys?

Taurine has been shown to play a role in four different forms of kidney disease: glomerulonephritis, diabetic nephropathy, chronic renal failure, and acute kidney injury.

What are the side effects of taurine?

Taurine is an organic compound known as an amino acid. Amino acids are the protein-building blocks of the human body. Some experts believe taurine has health benefits, but researchers need to carry out more studies to confirm these claims.

nausea.
dizziness.
a headache.
difficulty walking.

Can taurine cause headaches?

It’s natural and has fewer side effects than energy drinks. It takes longer to ingest, but it’s a good alternative. Both taurine and magnesium citrate give me bad headaches, but not migraines.

Is taurine worth taking?

Taurine is vital for a person’s overall health. It is one of the most abundant amino acids in the muscle tissue, brain, and many other organs in the body. Taurine plays a role in several essential body functions, such as: regulating calcium levels in certain cells.

Why are energy drinks bad for you?

What they do have is large amounts of caffeine and sugar. Drinking too much caffeine can raise your blood pressure and heart rate, and cause anxiety and insomnia. Drinking them over the long term can raise your risks for heart disease. Getting too much sugar can lead to weight gain and put you at risk for diabetes.

Can taurine damage the liver?

These results indicate that taurine reduces iron‑induced hepatic oxidative stress, preserves liver function, and inhibits hepatocyte apoptosis. Therefore, taurine may be a potential therapeutic drug to reduce liver damage caused by iron overload.

Does taurine raise blood pressure?

The increase in blood pressure was observed however only in females; males supplemented with taurine did not show an increase in systolic, diastolic, or mean arterial pressure. In both genders, however, taurine supplementation caused significant tachycardia.

Tachycardia is the medical term for a heart rate over 100 beats per minute. There are many heart rhythm disorders (arrhythmias) that can cause tachycardia.

Sometimes, it’s normal for you to have a fast heartbeat. For instance, it’s normal for your heart rate to rise during exercise or as a response to stress, trauma, or illness. But in tachycardia (tak-ih-KAHR-dee-uh), the heart beats faster than normal due to conditions unrelated to normal physiological stress.

In some cases, tachycardia may cause no symptoms or complications. But if left untreated, tachycardia can disrupt normal heart function and lead to serious complications, including:

Heart failure
Stroke
Sudden cardiac arrest or death

Treatments, such as drugs, medical procedures, or surgery, may help control a rapid heartbeat or manage other conditions contributing to tachycardia.

Why do my kidneys hurt when I drink energy drinks?

Caffeine found in coffee, tea, soda, and foods can also place a strain on your kidneys. Caffeine is a stimulant, which can cause increased blood flow, blood pressure, and stress on the kidneys. Excessive caffeine intake has also been linked to kidney stones.

What is the difference between L taurine and taurine?

Basically, there are two stereoisomers of taurine: L isomers and D isomers. So, the key difference between taurine and L taurine is that Taurine is an amino sulfonic acid, whereas L Taurine is the most abundant and important isomer of taurine.

Is taurine good for your brain?

Although taurine is known to play a very important role in cell volume regulation, it has other important neuronal functions. Taurine affects brain function, growth and development, neurotransmission, neuromodulation, antioxidation, and immune function.

Does taurine improve memory?

Taurine supplementation has been shown to benefit neuronal proliferation and synaptogenesis, suggesting its effects on enhancing synaptic plasticity and improving learning and memory [8]. Taurine has also been reported to improve the symptoms of metal-induced intoxication for lead and cadmium.

more info at:

https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/tachycardia/symptoms-causes/syc-20355127

https://www.zmescience.com/medicine/taurine-in-energy-drinks-where-does-it-come-from/

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5737830/

Sucralose (Splenda)

Excessive amounts of added sugar can have harmful effects on your metabolism and overall health.

For this reason, many people turn to artificial sweeteners like sucralose.

However, while authorities claim that sucralose is safe to eat, some studies have linked it to health problems.

This article takes an objective look at sucralose and its health effects — both good and bad.

What is sucralose?

Sucralose is a zero-calorie artificial sweetener, and Splenda is the most common sucralose-based product.

Sucralose is made from sugar in a multistep chemical process in which three hydrogen-oxygen groups are replaced with chlorine atoms.

It was discovered in 1976 when a scientist at a British college allegedly misheard instructions about testing a substance. Instead, he tasted it, realizing that it was highly sweet.

The companies Tate & Lyle and Johnson & Johnson then jointly developed Splenda products. It was introduced in the United States in 1999 and is one of the most popular sweeteners in the country.

Splenda is commonly used as a sugar substitute in both cooking and baking. It’s also added to thousands of food products worldwide.

Sucralose is calorie-free, but Splenda also contains the carbohydrates dextrose (glucose) and maltodextrin, which brings the calorie content up to 3.36 calories per gram.

However, the total calories and carbs Splenda contributes to your diet are negligible, as you only need tiny amounts each time.

Sucralose is 400–700 times sweeter than sugar and doesn’t have a bitter aftertaste like many other popular sweeteners.

What is sucralose and is it bad for you?

Like other artificial sweeteners, sucralose is highly controversial. Some claim that it’s entirely harmless, but new studies suggest that it may have some effects on your metabolism. For some people, it may raise blood sugar and insulin levels. Research in rodents shows that sucralose upsets the microbiome balance, and that can lead to increased inflammation.

Is sucralose worse than sugar?

It’s considered safe in small amounts, except for people with phenylketonuria, a genetic disease. Sucralose, also known as Splenda, passes through the body easily and does not build up in body fat. It’s also 600 times sweeter than sugar, so a little goes a long way.

Is sucralose as bad as aspartame?

Aspartame is made from two amino acids, while sucralose is a modified form of sugar with added chlorine. One 2013 study, however, found that sucralose may alter glucose and insulin levels and may not be a “biologically inert compound.” “Sucralose is almost certainly safer than aspartame,” says Michael F.

Why you should avoid sucralose?

Recent research indicates that consuming sucralose has a number of dangerous health effects, including its ability to: Potentially lead to diabetes. Increase your risk of IBS and Crohn’s disease. Possibly cause a leaky gut.

What is the safest artificial sweetener?

The best and safest artificial sweeteners are erythritol, xylitol, stevia leaf extracts, neotame, and monk fruit extract—with some caveats: Erythritol: Large amounts (more than about 40 or 50 grams or 10 or 12 teaspoons) of this sugar alcohol sometimes cause nausea, but smaller amounts are fine.

What is the healthiest sugar substitute?

Stevia is probably the healthiest option, followed by xylitol, erythritol, and yacon syrup. Natural sugars like maple syrup, molasses, and honey are less harmful than regular sugar and even have health benefits. Yet, they should still be used sparingly.

Why was Stevia banned?

Though widely available throughout the world, in 1991 stevia was banned in the U.S. due to early studies that suggested the sweetener may cause cancer. … Stevia powder can also be used for cooking and baking (in markedly decreased amounts compared to table sugar due to its high sweetness potency).

The bottom line

If you like the taste of sucralose and your body handles it well, it’s probably fine to use in moderation. There’s certainly no clear-cut evidence that it’s harmful to humans.

It’s true that research has raised some concerns. Yet scientists haven’t found any direct negative health effects in people who consume sucralose long-term. That’s true both for healthy people and those with diabetes.

“While sucralose may cause problems at higher doses, most people consume nowhere near that amount,” says Patton. “If you enjoy sucralose occasionally and in moderation, it isn’t likely to have a major effect on your health.”

However, it may not be a good choice for high heat cooking and baking.

Additionally, if you notice persistent problems related to your gut health, talk to your healthcare provider about exploring whether sucralose could be the reason.

If you choose to avoid sucralose or artificial sweeteners in general, there are plenty of great alternatives.

more info at:

https://www.myamericannurse.com/high-energy-drinks-what-you-dont-know-could-hurt-you/

https://foodinsight.org/everything-you-need-to-know-about-sucralose/

https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/sucralose-good-or-bad

https://www.webmd.com/diet/what-to-know-about-sucralose#1

https://www.runnersworld.com/nutrition-weight-loss/a27491930/is-splenda-bad-for-you/

L – Arginine

L-arginine is needed for the production of nitric oxide. Nitric oxide plays important role in cellular function and how your body responds to insulin, a hormone that shuttles blood sugar from your blood into cells, where it’s used for energy. Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins and are divided into essential and nonessential categories. Nonessential amino acids are made in the body, but essential amino acids are not. As such, they must be provided through dietary intake

Benefits and uses

L-arginine supplements are taken by many populations, including athletes and those who have certain medical conditions like high blood pressure, for a variety of reasons. They’re also used in the clinical setting to treat critically ill people or those with wounds.

Research has shown that L-arginine may offer a variety of potential benefits when used as a supplement. However, results are mixed, and L-arginine may not be as effective for some conditions as many supplement companies claim.

Does arginine boost energy?

Supplementing with l-arginine allows your body to use accumulated fats as a source of energy. The accumulated fat is burnt to produce energy and to aid in muscle mass formation and development. L-arginine thus boosts your body metabolism as well as forms building blocks for muscle formation.

What are the benefits of taking L-arginine?

growth hormone reserve test.
reducing high blood pressure.
correcting inborn errors of urea synthesis.
treating heart disease.
treating erectile dysfunction (ED)
easing inflammation of the digestive tract in premature infants.
controlling blood sugar in people with diabetes.

What is arginine used for?

Arginine is used for the treatment of heart and blood vessel conditions including congestive heart failure (CHF), chest pain, high blood pressure, and coronary artery disease.

Is L-arginine a stimulant?

L-arginine, which is promoted as a human growth stimulant, has also been used in bodybuilding. In the 1800s, it was first isolated from animal horns.

Does arginine boost energy?

Can L-arginine hurt you?

When taken by mouth: L-arginine is possibly safe for most people when taken short-term. It can cause some side effects such as stomach pain, bloating, diarrhea, and low blood pressure.

Is L-arginine good for anxiety?

Dietary supplementation with an essential amino acid L-lysine has been shown to reduce chronic anxiety in humans with low dietary intake of L-lysine. A combination of L-lysine and L-arginine has been documented to normalize hormonal stress responses in humans with high trait anxiety.

Does L-arginine affect sleep?

On the other hand, administration of L-arginine or SIN-1 during the dark phase significantly increased slow-wave sleep and reduced waking during the first 4 h of the recording period.

How quickly does L-arginine work?

Based on past research using L-arginine, it may take up to three months to see benefits.

Does arginine cause weight gain?

Arginine supplementation increases weight gain, depresses antibody production, and alters circulating leukocyte profiles in pre ruminant calves without affecting plasma growth hormone concentrations.

How long does it take for L-arginine to lower blood pressure?

In a rat model of type 1 diabetes, oral arginine (1.25 g/L in drinking water) effectively lowered elevated systolic blood pressure to normal levels after four weeks of treatment.

Can L-arginine lower your blood pressure?

Some research has shown that oral L-arginine can lower blood pressure in healthy people, people with mild blood pressure elevation and diabetes, and in people with a type of high blood pressure that affects the arteries in the lungs and the right side of the heart (pulmonary hypertension).

Who should not take L-arginine?

Risks. If you have any medical conditions — like cancer, asthma, allergies, liver or kidney problems, low blood pressure, sickle cell disease, or a bleeding disorder — or have had a heart attack, don’t take arginine without talking to a doctor first.

What is arginine used for?

Arginine is used for the treatment of heart and blood vessel conditions including congestive heart failure (CHF), chest pain, high blood pressure, and coronary artery disease.

Does L-arginine increase testosterone?

Some research shows that L-arginine may help to raise testosterone levels in some animal models. However, in humans, L-arginine doesn’t seem to boost a person’s level of testosterone directly. Instead, it may help treat symptoms of low T, such as ED.

Does L-arginine increase dopamine?

L-arginine induces dopamine release from the striatum in vivo.

Can you take arginine and caffeine together?

Combinations of caffeine with L-arginine or with taurine can enhance the effect of caffeine, but the mechanisms remain elusive… The locomotor activity induced by caffeine at a dose of 2 mg/kg was enhanced by combined administration of L-arginine at a dose of 600 mg/kg, or taurine at a dose of 400 mg/kg, respectively.

What works better than L-arginine?

In contrast, citrulline supplementation not only resulted in an increase in arginine flux but also in a greater increase in plasma arginine concentration than arginine supplementation itself. For these reasons, citrulline was a more efficient supplement than arginine in increasing arginine availability.

Does L-arginine help veins pop out?

Arginine keeps your veins in an optimal state so you get the venous effects. Aside from blood flow benefits, it’s been said that L-Arginine has a hand in the production of protein. Coupled with a good diet and exercise you can get an amazing pump that really pushes out those veins!

Is L-arginine worth taking?

Generally safe. L-arginine is considered to be generally safe. It might be effective at lowering blood pressure, reducing the symptoms of angina and PAD, and treating erectile dysfunction due to a physical cause. However, if you take a blood pressure drug, talk to your doctor before using L-arginine.

Should L-arginine be taken on an empty stomach?

Even though there’s no set dosage, it’s widely recommended to roughly take 3g of L-Arginine with at least 50ml of water. It’s also preferable to consume it on an empty stomach so your body will absorb it even more quickly. Chances of potential L-Arginine side effects are very low, especially considering the low dosage.

When should you not take L-arginine?

L-arginine supplements can worsen allergies and asthma. Use with caution. Don’t take L-arginine supplements if you’ve had cold sores or genital herpes. Too much L-arginine in your system can activate the virus that causes those conditions.

Is L-arginine safe to take daily?

Although higher doses are often used in research and clinical settings, it’s recommended that daily dosing of L-arginine be kept under 9 grams per day to avoid potential gastrointestinal side effects, including nausea, diarrhea, and bloating.

Does L-arginine speed up metabolism?

Thus, dietary arginine supplementation shifts nutrient partitioning to promote muscle over fat gain and may provide a useful treatment for improving the metabolic profile and reducing body white fat in diet-induced obese rats.

What’s the difference between L-arginine and L-arginine HCL?

Free-form L-arginine closely resembles the arginine found naturally in food. In free form, the amino acid is not attached to a protein or other compounds. L-arginine HCL attaches the amino acid to hydrogen chloride (HCL).

How does L-arginine make you feel?

In clinical trials, arginine has been used safely with minor side effects for up to three months. Possible side effects include abdominal pain and bloating, diarrhea, and gout. It may also cause a worsening of breathing in people with asthma. Arginine may interact with certain medications that lower blood pressure.

Does L-arginine affect kidneys?

l-Arginine decreases the infiltration of the kidney by macrophages in obstructive nephropathy and puromycin-induced nephrosis.

Can you take L-arginine with Viagra?

It may increase the effectiveness of medications like sildenafil (Viagra). Taking L-arginine with medication for ED could cause blood pressure to go too low. Talk to your doctor before using arginine for ED.

Can arginine cause liver damage?

Because L-arginine plays a role in how your body handles waste, it may adversely affect some of the organs involved in that process. Liver and kidney problems may be increased through the use of L-arginine.

Is L-arginine good for your eyes?

L-Citrulline and L-Arginine

The two blood flow enhancers can work together by increasing the amount of nutrient delivery to the eyes. As well as carrying unnecessary nutrients like sugar away from the eye. This improves symptoms associated with diabetic retinopathy.

Is L-arginine good for your skin?

Arginine is a humectant, it helps the skin retain moisture and stay hydrated. Arginine helps protect the skin from damage caused by free radicals and reduces the signs of aging.

What is a humectant?

You may have heard that humectants are good for your skin or hair, but why?

A humectant is a common moisturizing agent found in lotions, shampoos, and other beauty products used for your hair and skin. They’re known for their ability to retain moisture while also preserving the overall properties of the product at hand.

Humectants can be good for your skin and hair, but not all humectants are created equal. It’s also important to look out for other ingredients that can undo the benefits of the humectant in a particular product formula.

How do humectants work?

You can think of humectants as magnets that attract water. They pull moisture from the air into the upper layer of your skin.

Humectants work much in the same way when applied to your hair. They help your hair draw in and retain more moisture.

But not all humectants work the same way. Some supply your skin and hair with moisture directly. Others help get rid of dead skin cells first to even out the moisture levels in your skin.

Plus, not all humectants are used interchangeably for skin and hair. This is why you’ll likely see a difference in the humectants used in skin and hair products.

What is humectant in food?

Humectants are hygroscopic additives for keeping products moist. These substances serve a variety of food and nutrition industries, as humectants control product changes from environmental shifts. Humectant compounds are able to attract and retain moisture by absorbing water vapor to a product’s surface.

What is a natural humectant?

Humectants can come from natural sources, like glycerin, honey, aloe vera gel or liquid, sorbitol (derived from sugar cane), lactic acid, and hydrolyzed wheat, baobab, and rice proteins.

How is E422 made?

E422 – Glycerol: Humectant and sweetener; oily colorless alcohol; derived by decomposition of natural fats with alkalis; usually as a by-product of soap making using animal fat or vegetable oil; can be obtained from petroleum products sometimes synthesized from propylene or fermented from sugar.

Does arginine help with memory?

It is believed that administration of L-arginine improves memory consolidation and learning,⁴⁰ but the results of the present study show that chronic administration of L-arginine in combination with estradiol attenuated the estradiol-mediated improvement of learning in OVX rats.

Does L-arginine clean arteries?

Some evidence shows that arginine may help improve blood flow in the arteries of the heart. That may improve symptoms of clogged arteries, chest pain or angina, and coronary artery disease.

Can arginine cause heart problems?

For example, they recommend taking arginine supplements to help treat coronary artery disease, peripheral vascular disease, or erectile dysfunction. In other cases, arginine supplements may increase your risk of heart problems.

Can I take creatine with L-Arginine?

Researchers found that creatine in combination with arginine and other amino acids was better than creatine alone at improving peak power output. This refers to the maximum amount of power you’re able to generate over a short interval, or simply your all-out power.

What causes low arginine?

In principle, there are three conditions that could result in arginine deficiency: dietary deficiency of arginine either by starvation or by ingesting a diet severely deficient in arginine (although the latter has not been found to result in arginine deficiency in healthy adults), increased catabolism of arginine.

more info at:

https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/l-arginine#benefits-uses

https://www.scielo.br/j/clin/a/NHtYXZf5shQrHNqvTBdZnbh/?lang=en

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3268370/

https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/l-arginine

dl-alpha-Tocopheryl Acetate

DL-Alpha Tocopheryl Acetate is a synthetic form of Vitamin E. Vitamin E is a fat-soluble vitamin with antioxidant and immune system benefits.

Alpha-tocopheryl acetate (ATA) is a specific form of vitamin E that’s often found in skincare products and dietary supplements. It’s also known as tocopheryl acetate, tocopherol acetate, or vitamin E acetate.

Vitamin E is known for its antioxidant properties. Antioxidants help to protect your body from damaging compounds called free radicals. Normally, free radicals form when your body converts food into energy. However, free radicals can also come from UV light, cigarette smoke, and air pollution.

In nature, vitamin E comes in the form of tocopheryl or tocotrienol. Both tocopheryl and tocotrienol have four forms, known as alpha, beta, gamma, and delta. Alpha-tocopheryl (AT) is the most active form of vitamin E in humans.

ATA is more stable than AT, meaning it can better withstand environmental stresses such as heat, air, and light. This makes it ideal for use in supplements and fortified foods because it has a longer shelf life.

What does DL alpha-tocopheryl acetate do?

Alpha-tocopheryl acetate (ATA) is a specific form of vitamin E that’s often found in skincare products and dietary supplements. … Vitamin E is known for its antioxidant properties. Antioxidants help to protect your body from damaging compounds called free radicals.

Is DL alpha-tocopherol harmful?

However, results from the recently published, large SELECT trial show that vitamin E supplements (400 IU/day [180 mg] as dl-alpha-tocopheryl acetate) may harm adult men in the general population by increasing their risk of prostate cancer.

Is DL alpha tocopheryl natural?

Naturally sourced vitamin E is called RRR-alpha-tocopherol (commonly labeled as d-alpha-tocopherol); the synthetically produced form is all rac-alpha-tocopherol (commonly labeled as dl-alpha-tocopherol).

Which is better d alpha-tocopherol or DL alpha-tocopherol?

Dl-alpha-tocopherol is a synthetic form of alpha-tocopherol. This synthetic form of alpha-tocopherol is less bioavailable than the d-alpha-tocopherol and is only half as potent, notes the Oregon State University Linus Pauling Institute.

Which vitamin E is best D or DL?

When looking for a NATURAL form of Vitamin E, always select one that is “d” (not “dl”) and the word tocopherol ends with “ol” (not “yl”).

What is DL alpha tocopherol made from?

The tocopherol we use is naturally derived from either soybean or rapeseed oil. The tocopheryl acetate is produced when this naturally derived d-alpha-tocopherol is combined with acetic acid in a process known as esterification.

Esterification is the general name for a chemical reaction in which two reactants (typically an alcohol and an acid) form an ester as the reaction product. Esters are common in organic chemistry and biological materials, and often have a pleasant characteristic, fruity odor.

What is vitamin E acetate used for normally?

This supplement is used to prevent or treat a lack of vitamin E in the body. A low body level of vitamin E is rare. Most people who eat a normal diet do not need extra vitamin E. However, vitamin E supplements are used in premature newborns and in people who have problems absorbing enough vitamin E from their diets.

more info at:

https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminE-HealthProfessional/

https://acgrace.com/blogs/vitamin-e-blog-articles/natural-vs-synthetic-vitamin-e-an-a-c-grace-comparison

https://www.healthline.com/health/tocopheryl-acetate

Zinc Bisglycinate Chelate

What is zinc Bisglycinate chelate?

Zinc bisglycinate – a well-tolerated and well-absorbed zinc chelate – is comprised of one zinc molecule bound to two (bis = two) molecules of the amino acid glycine. Because this form of zinc is absorbed intact (that is, bound to glycine) it does not compete with other minerals for absorption in the intestinal tract.

What is zinc Bisglycinate used for?

Flavocoxid/citrated zinc bisglycinate is used for the clinical dietary management of the metabolic processes of osteoarthritis.

What does it mean when zinc is chelated?

Chelated zinc is a type of zinc supplement. It contains zinc that’s been attached to a chelating agent. Chelating agents are chemical compounds that bind with metal ions (such as zinc) to create a stable, water-soluble product that can be easily absorbed by the body.

What is the difference between chelated zinc and zinc?

Zinc is the second most abundant trace chemical element in the human body. … The key difference between zinc picolinate and zinc chelate is that zinc picolinate is a type of chelated zinc supplement, whereas zinc chelate is a type of zinc supplement where zinc metal is hidden inside a chelating agent.

Which is better zinc Bisglycinate or zinc picolinate?

Why choose one form over the other? That’s a good question because both are excellent choices. Although zinc bisglycinate has data showing slightly better absorption compared to zinc picolinate, zinc picolinate has a longer history of use as a supplement and, as such, has been the subject of more clinical studies.\

What is the difference between zinc gluconate and zinc picolinate?

The key difference between zinc picolinate and zinc gluconate is that zinc picolinate is derived from picolinic acid, whereas zinc gluconate is derived from gluconic acid. Moreover, zinc picolinate is better absorbed by the human body than zinc gluconate when used as a dietary supplement.

Is Zinc Bisglycinate elemental zinc?

Zinc from zinc bis-glycinate

Each capsule contains 25mg of elemental zinc.

Which zinc is easiest to absorb?

More easily absorbed forms of zinc are zinc picolinate, zinc citrate, zinc acetate, zinc glycerate, and zinc monomethionine.If zinc sulfate causes stomach irritation, you can try another form, such as zinc citrate.

What type of zinc is best?

Because it’s one of the most widely available and cost-effective forms of zinc, zinc gluconate can be a good option to help bump up your intake without breaking your bank. However, if you’re able to invest a bit more, zinc picolinate may be better absorbed.

When should I take zinc morning or night?

Because of their calming effects, they may be best taken in the evening and with food, which aids in their absorption. Zinc is best taken 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals, according to the Mayo Clinic, but may lead to gastrointestinal distress if taken on an empty stomach (likely if meals were small).

Is it OK to take zinc every day?

Including zinc, in your diet, every day is okay, provided it is within the recommended daily allowance, which is 8 mg for women and 11 mg for adult men. Since zinc is a trace mineral, consumption of an excess amount can cause health problems.

What should you not take with zinc?

Do not take zinc supplements and copper, iron, or phosphorus supplements at the same time. It is best to space doses of these products 2 hours apart, to get the full benefit from each dietary supplement.

more info at:

https://www.rxlist.com/consumer_limbrel/drugs-condition.htm

https://www.healthline.com/health/chelated-zinc

Zinc Amino Acid Chelate

Zinc is a trace mineral that is essential to many biological functions. These include immune resistance, digestion, reproduction, physical growth, blood sugar/insulin control, taste, and smell. It is important for the function of over 100 special proteins known as enzymes, which are needed to speed up chemical reactions in the body. Chelated Zinc is a special mineral form that is better absorbed by the digestive tract. Chelation refers to a unique molecular mineral bond that is formed when amino acids are attached to a mineral to speed its transport across the intestinal tract.

The body needs zinc to make DNA, RNA, insulin, dozens of enzymatic reactions, and to facilitate immune response and cellular repair and renewal. Chelated zinc may be vitally important for healthy skin, connective tissue, and normal prostate function.^†
An amino acid-mineral combination will withstand the stomach acid in intact form. This makes it much easier to absorb minerals. Combinations of minerals with other substances like carbonates, sulfates, or chlorides do not stand up to the acid in the stomach. The bonds break apart and the minerals are poorly absorbed. Testing suggests that the chelated minerals are absorbed two to six times better than non-chelated minerals.^†
When minerals are bound to amino acid chelates, they are carried along through the stomach and small intestine wall, where vitamins and minerals are absorbed through the bloodstream.

What is zinc amino acid chelate used for?

Zinc supplements are used to prevent or treat zinc deficiency. The body needs zinc for normal growth and health. For patients who are unable to get enough zinc in their regular diet or who have a need for more zinc, zinc supplements may be necessary.

What is an amino acid chelate?

What they are: In the realm of supplements, amino acid chelates are a specific form of nutritive minerals. Amino acid chelated mineral is simply a mineral (like magnesium or iron) that’s been molecularly attached to an amino acid.

What is the difference between zinc gluconate and zinc amino acid chelate?

Different zinc supplement products on the market are made with different forms of zinc. … Zinc picolinate or zinc gluconate are formed when zinc is chelated to picolinic acid or gluconic acid, so the main difference between zinc gluconate and picolinate is what compound it is bound to.

What is the difference between chelated zinc and zinc?

Zinc is the second most abundant trace chemical element in the human body. … The key difference between zinc picolinate and zinc chelate is that zinc picolinate is a type of chelated zinc supplement, whereas zinc chelate is a type of zinc supplement where zinc metal is hidden inside a chelating agent.

Oxygen is the in the human body accounting for approximately 65% of a person’s mass.

Which type of zinc is best for the immune system?

How much elemental zinc is in chelated zinc?

On the other hand, zinc monomethionine, in which zinc is chelated to an amino acid, is only 21% elemental zinc but has one of the highest bioavailabilities of all zinc formulations. Researchers hypothesize that this is due to a mechanism in our intestinal wall that specifically supports amino acid absorption.

more info at:

https://www.healthline.com/health/chelated-zinc

https://www.news-medical.net/life-sciences/What-Chemical-Elements-are-Found-in-the-Human-Body.aspx

https://www.drugs.com/cons/zinc-chelated.html

Manganese Gluconate

Manganese gluconate is a manganese salt of gluconic acid with the chemical formula C12H22MnO14 x 2H2O. It is typically obtained by reacting manganese carbonate with gluconic acid in an aqueous medium and then crystallizing the product to form a slightly pink powder. Manganese gluconate is a direct ingredient in food substances as a nutrient supplement. In pharmaceutical preparations, it is used as a [DB06757] supplement.

Manganese is a mineral that is found in several foods including nuts, legumes, seeds, tea, whole grains, and leafy green vegetables. It is considered an essential nutrient, because the body requires it to function properly. People use manganese as medicine.

Manganese is used for the prevention and treatment of manganese deficiency, a condition in which the body doesn’t have enough manganese. It is also used for weak bones (osteoporosis), a type of “tired blood” (anemia), and symptoms of premenstrual syndrome (PMS).

Manganese is sometimes included with chondroitin sulfate and glucosamine hydrochloride in multi-ingredient products promoted for osteoarthritis.

Look out for manganese that is “hidden” in some supplements. Certain supplements, including those commonly used for osteoarthritis (e.g., CosaminDS), contain manganese. When using these products, it’s important to follow label directions carefully. At doses slightly higher than the recommended dose, these products provide more than the Tolerable Upper Limit (UL) for adults, 11 mg of manganese per day. Consuming more than 11 mg per day of manganese could cause serious and harmful side effects.

How does it work?

Manganese is an essential nutrient involved in many chemical processes in the body, including the processing of cholesterol, carbohydrates, and protein. It might also be involved in bone formation

What is manganese gluconate good for?

People use manganese as medicine. Manganese is used for the prevention and treatment of manganese deficiency, a condition in which the body doesn’t have enough manganese. It is also used for weak bones (osteoporosis), a type of “tired blood” (anemia), and symptoms of premenstrual syndrome (PMS).

Why manganese is bad for you?

Exposure to high concentrations of manganese over the course of years has been associated with a nervous system disease with symptoms like Parkinson’s disease. The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has set a health advisory for lifetime exposure to Manganese in drinking water of 0.3mg/L (300 ug/L).

Is manganese gluconate?

Manganese gluconate is a salt that dissociates in body fluids to form manganese and gluconic acid. Its pharmacological effects are due to the normal role of Manganese in the body. Acts as a Manganese supplement. See Manganese for information on its role in the body.

What are the side effects of manganese?

If you take too much manganese as supplements, you could have side effects. These can include loss of appetite, slowed growth, and reproductive issues. It may also cause anemia. This is because manganese competes with iron for absorption.

What is the best form of manganese to take?

Some examples of foods that are good sources of manganese include:

nuts, such as almonds and pecans.
beans and legumes, such as lima and pinto beans.
oatmeal and bran cereals.
whole wheat bread.
brown rice.
leafy green vegetables, such as spinach.
fruits, such as pineapple and acai.
dark chocolate.

Who should not take manganese?

Manganese is LIKELY UNSAFE when inhaled by children. Pregnancy and breast-feeding: Manganese is LIKELY SAFE in pregnant or breast-feeding adult women aged 19 or older when taken by mouth in doses of less than 11 mg per day. However, pregnant and lactating women under age 19 should limit doses to less than 9 mg per day.

Does manganese affect blood pressure?

Despite its label as a toxic heavy metal, manganese could potentially play a role in controlling blood pressure due to its anti-oxidative function.

Is manganese bad for kidneys?

Most individuals consuming manganese from food do not have to worry about over-consumption. Summary While manganese is safe in adequate amounts, those with iron deficiency anemia and liver or kidney disease, as well as those who inhale the mineral should be cautious.

Does manganese lower blood pressure?

Despite its label as a toxic heavy metal, manganese could potentially play a role in controlling blood pressure due to its anti-oxidative function.

Side effects, toxicity, and interactions

People who receive total parenteral nutrition (TPN or intravenous feeding) can have serious side effects from oral manganese supplements. People with liver problems can, too. These effects include:

Headache and insomnia
Exaggerated tendon reflexes
Memory loss
Impaired motor skills
Psychiatric issues
Irreversible nerve damage that causes symptoms like Parkinson disease
Reproductive problems

People with liver issues shouldn’t take manganese supplements.

Manganese is toxic when you inhale manganese oxide from dust or fumes.

Well, water can be contaminated with manganese.

Women who are pregnant or breastfeeding should talk to their healthcare providers before taking any supplements.

Manganese competes with iron for absorption. Its absorption can be decreased by fiber, phytates, oxalic acid, calcium, and phosphorus. It isn’t known if zinc and copper absorption is decreased by manganese.

more info at:

https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Manganese-gluconate#section=Household-Products

https://www.rxlist.com/manganese/supplements.htm

https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?contenttypeid=19&contentid=manganese

Grape Seed Extract

Some studies suggest that grape seed extract might help with symptoms of chronic venous insufficiency and with eye stress from glare, but the evidence isn’t strong.
Conflicting results have come from studies on grape seed extract’s effect on blood pressure. It’s possible that grape seed extract might help to slightly lower blood pressure in healthy people and those with high blood pressure, particularly in people who are obese or have metabolic syndrome. But people with high blood pressure should not take high doses of grape seed extract with vitamin C because the combination might worsen blood pressure.
A 2019 review of 15 studies involving 825 participants suggested that grape seed extract might help lower levels of LDL cholesterol, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and the inflammatory marker C-reactive protein. The individual studies, however, were small in size, which could affect the interpretation of the results.
The National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH) is supporting research on how certain dietary supplements rich in polyphenols, including grape seed extract, help to reduce the effects of stress on the body and mind. (Polyphenols are substances that are found in many plants and have antioxidant activity.) This research is also looking at how the microbiome affects the absorption of the specific polyphenol components that are helpful.

Grape seed extract (GSE) is a dietary supplement made from the seeds of grapes. It’s a potent source of antioxidants, particularly proanthocyanidins. The antioxidants in GSE may help alleviate oxidative stress, inflammation, and tissue damage that can occur alongside chronic diseases.

Does grape seed extract give you energy?

In addition to its antioxidant properties, grape seed extract has been shown to inhibit fat deposits and reduce the absorption of fat from our diets. With the energy boost it provides, the extract can pump up your metabolic rate, which helps you burn more calories.

Can I drink grape seed extract?

The grape seed extract is generally well tolerated when taken in moderate amounts. It has been tested safely for up to 11 months in human studies. It’s possibly unsafe if you have a bleeding disorder or are going to have surgery or if you take anticoagulants (blood thinners), such as warfarin or aspirin.

Why is grape seed bad for you?

However, certain populations may want to avoid eating grape seeds. Some research has found that grape seed extract has blood-thinning properties, which could interfere with blood-thinning medications or be unsafe for people with bleeding disorders.

Is grapeseed extract worth taking?

There is evidence that grape seed extract is beneficial for a number of cardiovascular conditions. Grape seed extract may help with a type of poor circulation (chronic venous insufficiency) and high cholesterol. Grape seed extract also reduces swelling caused by injury and helps with eye disease related to diabetes.

Is grape seed extract good for kidneys?

Can improve kidney function. Your kidneys are particularly susceptible to oxidative damage, which is often irreversible. Animal studies have shown that GSE may reduce kidney damage and improve function by reducing oxidative stress and inflammatory damage.

Is grape seed extract an estrogen blocker?

Grapes and grape seeds contain procyanidins, a highly active subclass of flavonoids with actions similar to pharmaceutical aromatase inhibitors (AIs). These procyanidin dimers have been found to suppress estrogen biosynthesis both in vitro and in animal models.

What are proanthocyanidins made of?

An extract of maritime pine bark called Pycnogenol bears 65-75 percent proanthocyanidins (procyanidins). Thus a 100 mg serving would contain 65 to 75 mg of proanthocyanidins (procyanidins).

Proanthocyanidins are chemical compounds. They give the fruit or flowers of many plants their red, blue, or purple colors. They were first studied for their importance as plant pigments. These compounds may help prevent cancer.

Proanthocyanidins are in a group of compounds called polyphenols. These belong to a subclass called flavonoids.

Food sources of proanthocyanidins include:

Red grapes
Black grapes
Grape seeds
Red wine
Bilberries
Cranberries
Strawberries
Blueberries
Red cabbage
Apple peel
Pine bark
Leaves of the bilberry bush
Birch
Ginkgo biloba

Is grape seed extract a blood thinner?

Anticoagulants (blood thinners): Grape seed extract may act as a blood thinner, and could increase the risk of bleeding if taken with other blood thinners such as warfarin (Coumadin), clopidogrel (Plavix), or aspirin.

Is grape seed extract good for menopause?

Conclusions: Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract is effective in improving the physical and psychological symptoms of menopause while increasing muscle mass and reducing blood pressure in middle-aged women.

What causes female estrogen?

How does estrogen work? The ovaries, which produce a woman’s eggs, are the main source of estrogen from your body. Your adrenal glands, located at the top of each kidney, make small amounts of this hormone, so does fat tissue. Estrogen moves through your blood and acts everywhere in your body.

What does lack of estrogen do to a woman?

Low estrogen levels can interfere with sexual development and sexual functions. They can also increase your risk for obesity, osteoporosis, and cardiovascular disease. Treatments have evolved over the years and become more effective.

What food raises your estrogen?

Dairy. There is a direct correlation between higher estrogen levels in eggs because eggs are produced in the animal’s ovaries. …
Nuts and seeds. It’s almost indisputable to say that nuts and seeds are high in phytoestrogen. …
Legumes. …
Fruits and vegetables. …
Grains.

What vitamins help produce estrogen?

B vitamins. B vitamins play an important role in the creation and activation of estrogen in the body. …
Vitamin D. Vitamin D functions as a hormone in the body. …
Boron. Boron is a trace mineral that has a variety of roles in the body. …
DHEA.

Does grapefruit seed extract increase estrogen?

GSE in the 4 daily doses did not significantly decrease estrogen or increase androgen precursors. 83 That means GSE has an effect on estrogen levels at some point. If taken regularly at a set dose, that is effective in menopause then it can have a better effect on the menopausal symptoms.

Is grape seed extract good for the liver?

Grape seed extract (GSE) significantly improved the grade of fatty liver change; and resulted in a significant decrease in alanine aminotransferase in patients receiving the concentrate compared to those receiving vitamin C independently, from the initial grade of steatosis.

Is grape seed extract good for diabetics?

Increasing intake of grape seeds and skin extracts may be useful for diabetes management, new research suggests. The study, conducted by researchers from Sheyang Agricultural University, China, found a compound in grape seeds that can control blood glucose levels in patients with diabetes.

Does grape seed extract help with wrinkles?

Grape Seed Extract on its own has many anti-aging properties to help fight the battle against fine lines and wrinkles. The high concentration of Vitamin C in the Grape Seed Extract helps hydrate your skin while smoothing out wrinkled skin.

more info at:

https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/grape-seed-extract

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4988453/

https://www.nature.com/articles/1601863

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procyanidin

Niacin

Niacin, also known as vitamin B3, is a water-soluble vitamin that occurs naturally in humans, plants, and animals. It can be used to lower cholesterol and help prevent heart attacks in people with high cholesterol. … Niacin is a common ingredient in most energy drinks and is found at high levels in the beverage.

What does niacin do to the body?

Niacin is a B vitamin that’s made and used by your body to turn food into energy. It helps keep your nervous system, digestive system, and skin healthy. Niacin (vitamin B-3) is often part of a daily multivitamin, but most people get enough niacin from the food they eat.

What energy drinks have niacin?

Some EDs (5-hour ENERGY shots, Monster, Rockstar Energy, and Red Bull) contain niacin (vitamin B3) in doses above the daily recommended intake. Niacin has positive effects in restoring a healthy lipid profile and delaying the progression of atherosclerosis.

What energy drink has the most niacin in it?

For comparison, Monster Energy contains 40 mg of niacin, which is 200 percent of the recommended daily value. Other brands with similar content include Rockstar and Red Bull.

What is the bad ingredient in energy drinks?

Caffeine is the main ingredient found in energy drinks thanks to its ability to increase alertness. When consumed in large quantities of more than 400 milligrams per day, caffeine can cause heart palpitations. Increased blood pressure.

Does niacin give you energy?

Boosts brain function. Your brain needs niacin — as a part of the coenzymes NAD and NADP — to get energy and function properly.

What is the healthiest energy drink?

With 50mg of caffeine, REIZE contains a much more sensible amount of caffeine than most energy drinks. It also contains lots of other great ingredients such as taurine, ginseng and B vitamins all which all work great with caffeine to give you the perfect energy boost. REIZE is home delivered for your convenience.

Is niacin in energy drinks good for you?

The high levels of niacin in energy drinks can be toxic. Niacin is the only ingredient in most energy drinks directly linked to hepatotoxicity, which is drug-induced liver damage normally presented as hepatitis.

What’s the worst energy drink for your body?

Full Throttle is officially the worst energy drink of them all. With 220 calories and 58 grams of sugar per can, this drink has more sugar than five Reese’s Peanut Butter Cups.

Is it safe to take 1000mg of niacin a day?

Niacin is well established as a medical treatment for hyperlipidemia (3) and available by prescription in 50-mg to 500-mg tablets or capsules. The initial recommended therapeutic daily dose is 100 mg, three times a day, titrated to a maximum daily dose of 1,000 mg.

Does niacin make you gain weight?

Niacin has been found to increase daily feed intake, weight gain, and percentage of abdominal fat in chicken when increasing supplementation from 0 to 60 mg nicotinic acid per kilogram diet.

What is the most common side effect of niacin?

A common side effect of niacin is a flushing reaction. This might cause burning, tingling, itching, and redness of the face, arms, and chest, as well as headaches. Starting with small doses of niacin and taking 325 mg of aspirin before each dose of niacin will help reduce the flushing reaction.

Why is niacin bad for you?

Niacin does have risks. It can cause liver problems, stomach ulcers, changes to glucose levels, muscle damage, low blood pressure, heart rhythm changes, and other issues.

Is the niacin flush good for you?

Niacin flush is harmless. However, high doses of niacin can cause other, more dangerous side effects, although these are rare (20). The most harmful of these is liver damage. High doses of niacin may also cause stomach cramping, so don’t take them if you have a stomach ulcer or active bleeding.

Does niacin clean your arteries?

Niacin, or Vitamin B3, is the best agent known to raise blood levels of HDL, which helps remove cholesterol deposits from the artery walls.

Does niacin raise blood pressure?

Nicotinic acid (niacin) is a well-established treatment for dyslipidemia – an important cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factor. However, niacin may also reduce blood pressure (BP), which is another important CVD risk factor.

Does niacin improve blood flow?

Also called niacin, vitamin B3 is helpful for improving blood flow, reducing inflammation, and reducing bad cholesterol. The nutrient is critical for heart health, as inflammation in the blood vessels can lead to a narrowing called atherosclerosis.

more info at:

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6280269/

https://reizeclub.com/

https://www.webmd.com/diet/supplement-guide-niacin#1

Ginger Root

Ginger (Zingiber officinale) is a plant native to Asia. The ginger spice comes from the roots of the plant. It’s used as a food flavoring and medicine.

Ginger contains chemicals that might reduce nausea and swelling. These chemicals seem to work in the stomach and intestines, but they might also help the brain and nervous system to control nausea.

People commonly use ginger for many types of nausea and vomiting. It’s also used for menstrual cramps, osteoarthritis, diabetes, migraine headaches, and other conditions, but there is no good scientific evidence to support many of these uses. There is also no good evidence to support using ginger for COVID-19.

What is ginger root good for?

The health benefits of ginger include treating nausea, easing menstrual cramps, regulating blood sugar levels, and relieving indigestion. Ginger also has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, which can prevent cell damage and help ward off chronic disease.

Is ginger in energy drinks?

Gingerroot offers a natural energy boost. Simply glance at the nutrition label of a store-bought energy drink and you’ll soon realize you don’t recognize half of the listed ingredients. … In addition to boosting energy, ginger may also help to ease muscle pain and soreness.

Is ginger root the same as ginger?

Ginger is a root. Ginger root is ginger. “Ginger or ginger root is the rhizome of the plant Zingiber officinale, consumed as a delicacy, medicine, or spice.”

Is ginger bad for kidney stones?

Ginger has vitamin C, magnesium, and other minerals that on regular consumption in the form of ginger tea can dissolve and prevent kidney stone formation. Ginger teas flush the kidneys and promote healthy blood pressure and also act as renal tonics to flush extra toxins and prevent bacteria build-up.

What are the side effects of ginger?

increased bleeding tendency.
abdominal discomfort.
cardiac arrhythmias (if overdosed)
central nervous system depression (if overdosed)
dermatitis (with topical use)
diarrhea.
heartburn.
mouth or throat irritation.

What happens when you drink ginger every day?

Some research suggests that a daily intake of ginger may help lower the risk of chronic heart conditions by lowering hypertension. preventing heart attacks. lowering cholesterol.

Is ginger tea as good as fresh ginger?

One 2019 article states that fresh ginger contains higher levels of gingerols, which are slightly reduced in dried ginger. Dry ginger contains higher amounts of shogaols, however. Drinking ginger tea may be beneficial. People can make ginger tea using fresh or dried ginger. Shogaols are pungent constituents of ginger similar in chemical structure to gingerol. The most common of the group is [6]-shogaol. Like zingerone, it is produced when ginger is dried or cooked.^[1] Moreover, shogaol (and gingerol) are converted to other constituents when heat is applied over time, which is why ginger loses its spiciness as it is cooked.

Is ginger caffeinated?

Ginger is caffeine-free.The ginger plant itself doesn’t produce caffeine, so there’s no way you’ll find any caffeine in your ginger tea (unless it’s provided by a secondary ingredient).

Does ginger reduce fatigue?

Some studies show that ginger can reduce fatigue by improving blood circulation and blood sugar levels. Plus, as a natural antibacterial agent, it can boost your immune system and help keep you healthy all year round.

Does ginger keep you awake?

Ginger. While some people report that ginger has stimulating properties that keep them awake, others love consuming ginger tea at bedtime. Ginger is known to aid in digestion and relieve nausea. If a tummy ache is keeping you awake, a mug full of the ginger root may be just what you need.

Is ginger a stimulant or depressant?

Ginger is an herbal supplement, which can be used as a natural remedy in the treatment of antiemetic, carminative, stimulant, and also as anti-inflammatory.

Is ginger a sedative?

Ginger is known for its characteristic “heat”. This, along with its unique flavor is down to the presence of volatile oils. These plant oils, the “gingerols” have analgesic, sedative, and antibacterial properties, as well as exerting positive effects on gastrointestinal tract “movement” or motility.

Does ginger help anxiety?

Drink ginger to sharpen your brain and beat stress.

Animal studies have also indicated that ginger can influence serotonin levels and may treat and reduce anxiety as successfully as benzodiazepine drugs.

Is ginger good for stress?

Recent research has shown that ginger can aid in pain relief, including stress headaches. Ginger contains the antioxidant gingerol, which fights bad chemicals in our bodies that lead to psychological and physical stress.

Does ginger increase BP?

Ginger. Ginger, a staple in traditional medicine in India and China for thousands of years, can likewise lower blood pressure and improve circulation ( 37 ). In both human and animal studies, ginger has been shown to reduce high blood pressure, which negatively impacts blood flow.

Is ginger a good sleep aid?

If you’re among the 10–30% of adults who have difficulty falling or staying asleep, you may be looking for ways to get more rest ( 1 ). Drinking an herbal tonic, like lemon-ginger tea, could be a soothing bedtime ritual to help put the day behind you.

Is ginger an antidepressant?

Our results suggest that these biochemical changes are involved in the anxiolytic effects of gingerand possibly also its potential antidepressant activity, which may be due to the synergistic action of phenolic and flavonoid compounds on tryptophan metabolism and disposition.

Does ginger Help Depression?

Many studies have shown that curcumin can reduce stress and fight depression in the human body. Ginger has more than 14 bioactive compounds and antioxidants which not only boost your mood but can also sharpen your brain function. It also has some amount of serotonin.

Does ginger tea calm nerves?

Ginger tea has calming properties that may help lower your stress and tension. This is thought to be due to a combination of the strong aroma and healing properties.

What is the best drink for anxiety?

Valerian Root Tea. This drink is a favorite due to its soothing effects which improve the quality of nighttime sleep. …
Anti-Anxiety Smoothie. …
Oat Straw Drink. …
Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Juice. …
Water. …
Tart Cherry Juice. …
Green Tea.

Is ginger bad for your kidneys?

Ginger provides evidence for kidney protection and reduces the severity of damage induced by CCl₄ intoxication. Ethanol extract recorded the most potent effect due to its content of flavonoids, sterols, triterpenes, carbohydrates, and alkaloids.

Can ginger cause heart palpitations?

Ginger has an excellent safety record in humans. In high doses, it may cause sleepiness or heart palpitations. It may also thin the blood.To be safe, don’t use it if you are already taking prescription anticoagulants such as Coumadin (Warfarin).

Is ginger good for cholesterol?

One 2014 study showed that ginger can lower your total cholesterol and triglycerides levels, while a study from 2008 showed that it can reduce LDL cholesterol levels and boost HDL cholesterol. You can add raw ginger to food, or take it as a supplement or powder.

Is ginger good for acid reflux?

Small doses of ginger may relieve gastrointestinal irritation. Ginger can reduce the likelihood of stomach acid flowing up into the esophagus. Ginger can also reduce inflammation. This may relieve symptoms of acid reflux.

Is ginger tea good for cough?

Ginger tea

A wealth of evidence has shown that ginger has strong anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. This may help to soothe an irritated throat and airways caused by coughing. Another reason that ginger may be helpful for a cough is that it has components that can cause relaxation of airway muscles.

more info at:

https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/11-proven-benefits-of-ginger

https://www.webmd.com/vitamins/ai/ingredientmono-961/ginger

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK565886/

Riboflavin 5 Phosphate

Riboflavin, also known as vitamin B2, is necessary for the body to be able to activate vitamin B6.* Riboflavin is also necessary for the body’s conversion of tryptophan to niacin, and the conversion of folate to folate’s various active forms.* In addition, riboflavin plays a crucial role in the metabolism of fats and glucose, the synthesis of red blood cells, healthy methylation, and the production and regulation of certain hormones.

To be utilized by the body, however, riboflavin must first be converted to its active form – riboflavin 5′-phosphate (R5P). A compromised digestive system, however, can adversely affect the body’s ability to convert riboflavin to R5P.* And certain prescription medications can also compromise the absorption of riboflavin, putting it in a state of deficiency. Thorne’s Riboflavin 5′-Phosphate, which is not derived from yeast, provides supplementation with a bioactive, tissue-ready form of riboflavin that can be optimally utilized in the body.

Riboflavin (also known as vitamin B2) is one of the B vitamins, which are all water-soluble. Riboflavin is naturally present in some foods, added to some food products and available as a dietary supplement. This vitamin is an essential component of two major coenzymes, flavin mononucleotide (FMN; also known as riboflavin-5’-phosphate) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD). These coenzymes play major roles in energy production; cellular function, growth, and development; and metabolism of fats, drugs, and steroids [1-3]. The conversion of the amino acid tryptophan to niacin (sometimes referred to as vitamin B3) requires FAD [3]. Similarly, the conversion of vitamin B6 to the coenzyme pyridoxal 5’-phosphate needs FMN. In addition, riboflavin helps maintain normal levels of homocysteine, an amino acid in the blood [1].

More than 90% of dietary riboflavin is in the form of FAD or FMN; the remaining 10% is comprised of the free form and glycosides or esters [2,3]. Most riboflavin is absorbed in the proximal small intestine [4]. The body absorbs little riboflavin from single doses beyond 27 mg and stores only small amounts of riboflavin in the liver, heart, and kidneys. When excess amounts are consumed, they are either not absorbed or the small amount that is absorbed is excreted in urine [3].

Bacteria in the large intestine produce free riboflavin that can be absorbed by the large intestine in amounts that depend on the diet. More riboflavin is produced after ingestion of vegetable-based than meat-based foods [2].

Riboflavin is yellow and naturally fluorescent when exposed to ultraviolet light [1]. Moreover, ultraviolet and visible light can rapidly inactivate riboflavin and its derivatives. Because of this sensitivity, lengthy light therapy to treat jaundice in newborns or skin disorders can lead to riboflavin deficiency. The risk of riboflavin loss from exposure to light is the reason why milk is not typically stored in glass containers [3,5].

Riboflavin status is not routinely measured in healthy people. A stable and sensitive measure of riboflavin deficiency is the erythrocyte glutathione reductase activity coefficient (EGRAC), which is based on the ratio between this enzyme in vitro activity in the presence of FAD to that without added FAD [1,6,7]. The most appropriate EGRAC thresholds for indicating normal or abnormal riboflavin status are uncertain [6]. An EGRAC of 1.2 or less is usually used to indicate adequate riboflavin status, 1.2–1.4 to indicate a marginal deficiency, and greater than 1.4 to indicate riboflavin deficiency [1,6]. However, a higher EGRAC does not necessarily correlate with the degree of riboflavin deficiency. Furthermore, the EGRAC cannot be used in people with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency, which is present in about 10% of African Americans [8].

Another widely used measure of riboflavin status is a fluorometric measurement of urinary excretion over 24 hours (expressed as the total amount of riboflavin excreted or in relation to the amount of creatinine excreted) [2]. Because the body can store only small amounts of riboflavin, urinary excretion reflects dietary intake until tissues are saturated [6]. Total riboflavin excretion in healthy, riboflavin-replete adults is at least 120 mcg/day; a rate of less than 40 mcg/day indicates deficiency [1,6]. This technique is less accurate for reflecting long-term riboflavin status than EGRAC [1,6]. Also, urinary excretion levels can decrease with age and increase with exposure to stress and certain drugs, and the amount excreted strongly reflects recent intake [1].

Does riboflavin give you energy?

It plays a vital role in maintaining the body’s energy supply. Riboflavin helps convert carbohydrates into adenosine triphosphate (ATP). The human body produces ATP from food, and ATP produces energy as the body requires.

What does riboflavin 5 phosphates do?

Riboflavin (vitamin B2) plays a key role in the activation and conversion of other B vitamins as well as in red blood cell synthesis, fat and glucose metabolism, and the production and regulation of specific biochemicals. * Riboflavin 5′-phosphate is the coenzyme form of vitamin B2.

Is riboflavin the same as riboflavin 5 phosphate?

Riboflavin is naturally present in some foods, added to some food products and available as a dietary supplement. This vitamin is an essential component of two major coenzymes, flavin mononucleotide (FMN; also known as riboflavin-5′-phosphate) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD).

What is riboflavin used to treat?

Riboflavin is used for preventing low levels of riboflavin (riboflavin deficiency), cervical cancer, and migraine headaches.

Why is riboflavin bad for you?

The primary risk of excess B-2 is damage to the liver.However, excess riboflavin, or riboflavin toxicity, is rare. You’d have to eat almost impossibly large quantities of food to overdose on riboflavin naturally.

What are some other side effects of Riboflavin 5′-Phosphate?

Change in eyesight.
Eye pain.
Eye irritation.
Seeing floaters.
Dry eyes.
Feeling that something is in the eye.
More tears.
Headache.

Why is riboflavin bad for you?

Riboflavin is LIKELY SAFE for most people when taken by mouth. In some people, riboflavin can cause the urine to turn a yellow-orange color. When taken in high doses, riboflavin might cause diarrhea, an increase in urine, and other side effects.

Does riboflavin lower blood pressure?

Several B vitamins may help reduce blood pressure levels. For example, vitamin B2 (riboflavin) supplements have been shown to help reduce blood pressure in adults with methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene mutations, which make high blood pressure more likely.

more info at:

https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Riboflavin-sodium-phosphate

https://www.drugs.com/cdi/riboflavin-5-phosphate.html

https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Riboflavin-HealthProfessional/

Selenium-L-Methionine Complex

Selenomethionine combines with proteins in the body to form antioxidants called selenoproteins. This helps protect the cells in your body from damage by free radicals. When used in supplement form, SeMet is either converted directly to selenium or is stored in place of methionine in body proteins.

Methionine is an amino acid. Amino acids are the building blocks that our bodies use to make proteins. Methionine is found in meat, fish, and dairy products. It plays an important role in the many functions within the body.

Methionine is commonly taken by mouth to treat liver disorders and viral infections along with many other uses. But there is limited scientific research that supports these uses.

What does L Methionine do in the body?

L-methionine, the principal sulfur-containing amino acid in proteins, plays a critical role in cell physiology as an antioxidant and in the breakdown of fats and heavy metals.

Is methionine bad for the liver?

Too much homocysteine is linked to an increased risk for diseases of the heart and blood vessels. Liver disease, including cirrhosis: Methionine might make liver disease worse.

Is L-methionine the SAMe as SAMe?

S-Adenosyl-L-methionine (also called S-adenosyl methionine, S-adenosylmethionine, SAMe, or SAM-e in the United States or ademetionine in Europe, and also often abbreviated as SAM and AdoMet) is a chemical that is found naturally in the body. SAMe is sold in the United States as a dietary supplement.

What is selenium complex good for?

Selenium is an essential trace mineral that supports many bodily processes. It can help improve cognition, immune system function, and fertility. Selenium is a nutrient that plays a key role in maintaining thyroid hormone metabolism and DNA synthesis and protecting the body from oxidative damage and infection.

Is selenium safe to take daily?

The safe upper limit for selenium is 400 micrograms a day in adults. Anything above that is considered an overdose.

What are the main symptoms of a selenium deficiency?

infertility in men and women.
muscle weakness.
fatigue.
mental fog.
hair loss.
weakened immune system.

Is it safe to take selenium every day?

When taken by mouth: Selenium is likely safe when taken in doses less than 400 mcg daily, short-term. But selenium is possibly unsafe when taken in high doses or for a long time. Taking doses above 400 mcg daily can increase the risk of developing selenium toxicity.

Does selenium make you sleepy?

Taking too much selenium over time can lead to selenosis, which can cause hair loss, nail loss, nausea, irritability, fatigue, and some nerve damage. Other symptoms of chronic selenium overdose are a metallic taste in the mouth and a garlic scent on the breath.

Does selenium raise blood pressure?

Higher selenium levels have been associated with diseases such as hypertension, hypercholesterolemia and diabetes mellitus. A recent longitudinal study suggests that selenium may have a harmful role in the development of hypertension in the elderly.

What are the signs of selenium toxicity?

Selenium toxicity can occur with acute or chronic ingestion of excess selenium. Symptoms of selenium toxicity include nausea; vomiting; nail discoloration, brittleness, and loss; hair loss; fatigue; irritability; and foul breath odor (often described as “garlic breath”). Selenium is found in the environment in soil.

Is selenium good for anxiety?

Selenium may improve mood by reducing inflammation, which is often at heightened levels when someone has a mood disorder, such as anxiety. Selenium is also an antioxidant, which helps prevent cell damage.

more info at:

https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/selenium-benefits#2.-May-reduce-your-risk-of-certain-cancers

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selenomethionine

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/neuroscience/selenomethionine

Cyanocobalamin

A vitamin is found in foods of animal origin such as liver, fish, and eggs, a deficiency of which can cause pernicious anemia. It contains a cyanide group bonded to the central cobalt atom of a cobalamin molecule.

What does cyanocobalamin do to the body?

Cyanocobalamin is a man-made form of vitamin B12 used to treat low levels (deficiency) of this vitamin. Vitamin B12 helps your body use fat and carbohydrates for energy and make new protein. It is also important for normal blood, cells, and nerves.

Is cyanocobalamin vitamin B12?

Cyanocobalamin is a manufactured version of vitamin B12. It’s used to treat and prevent vitamin B12 deficiency anemia (when you have low levels of this vitamin in your body). Your body requires vitamin B12 to make red blood cells.

What are the side effects of cyanocobalamin?

Side Effects

Abdominal or stomach pain.
bleeding from the gums or nose.
blue lips and fingernails.
chest pain.
coughing that sometimes produces pink frothy sputum.
decreased urine output.
difficult, fast, noisy breathing, sometimes with wheezing.
difficulty with swallowing.

Is it safe to take cyanocobalamin?

Cyanocobalamin is safe to use during pregnancy when taken in recommended doses. Higher doses should be used only when clearly needed. Discuss the risks and benefits with your doctor. Cyanocobalamin passes into breast milk and is unlikely to harm a nursing infant when used in recommended doses.

What happens if your B12 is too high?

However, supplementing with excessively high levels of B12 has been linked to some negative side effects. Several studies have shown that megadoses of the vitamin can lead to outbreaks of acne and rosacea, a skin condition that causes redness and pus-filled bumps on the face.

What are the symptoms of high B12 levels?

Headache.
Nausea and vomiting.
Diarrhea.
Fatigue or weakness.
Tingling sensation in hands and feet.

How long does cyanocobalamin last?

A vitamin B12 injection is absorbed in the blood within minutes after administration. It can stay in its active form for 48 hours. Excess amounts of vitamin B12 can either be stored in the liver or excreted in the urine.

Can cyanocobalamin cause weight gain?

Why a vitamin B12 deficiency is unlikely to affect your weight. Despite the numerous processes in which vitamin B12 is involved, there’s little evidence to suggest that it has any influence on weight gain or loss. Most of the evidence giving rise to this claim comes from a few observational studies.

Can you be allergic to cyanocobalamin?

A very serious allergic reaction to this drug is rare. However, seek immediate medical attention if you notice any symptoms of a serious allergic reaction, including

rash, itching/swelling (especially of the face/tongue/throat), severe dizziness, trouble breathing.

Can you buy cyanocobalamin over the counter?

Cyanocobalamin is a prescription and over-the-counter (OTC) man-made form of vitamin B12 used to prevent and treat low blood levels of vitamin B12.

What are the health benefits of B12?

more info at:

https://www.webmd.com/drugs/2/drug-1010/cyanocobalamin-vitamin-b-12-oral/details

https://www.rxlist.com/consumer_cyanocobalamin_vitamin_b12/drugs-condition.htm

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyanocobalamin

D-Calcium Pantothenate

Pantothenic acid is a vitamin, also known as vitamin B5. It is widely found in both plants and animals including meat, vegetables, cereal grains, legumes, eggs, and milk.

Vitamin B5 is commercially available as D-pantothenic acid, as well as dexpanthenol and calcium pantothenate, which are chemicals made in the lab from D-pantothenic acid.

Pantothenic acid is frequently used in combination with other B vitamins in vitamin B complex formulations. Vitamin B complex generally includes vitamin B1 (thiamine), vitamin B2 (riboflavin), vitamin B3 (niacin/niacinamide), vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid), vitamin B6 (pyridoxine), vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin), and folic acid. However, some products do not contain all of these ingredients and some may include others, such as biotin, para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA), choline bitartrate, and inositol.

Pantothenic acid has a long list of uses, although there isn’t enough scientific evidence to determine whether it is effective for most of these uses. People take pantothenic acid for treating dietary deficiencies, acne, alcoholism, allergies, baldness, asthma, attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism, burning feet syndrome, yeast infections, heart failure, carpal tunnel syndrome, breathing problems, celiac disease, colitis, pink eye (conjunctivitis), seizures, and bladder infections. It is also taken by mouth for dandruff, depression, diabetic nerve pain, enhancing immune function, improving athletic performance, tongue infections, gray hair, headache, hyperactivity, low blood sugar, trouble sleeping (insomnia), irritability, low blood pressure, multiple sclerosis, muscular dystrophy, leg cramps associated with pregnancy or alcoholism, general nerve pain, and obesity.

Pantothenic acid is also taken by mouth for osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, Parkinson’s disease, premenstrual syndrome (PMS), enlarged prostate, protection against mental and physical stress and anxiety, reducing side effects of thyroid therapy for people with decreased function of the thyroid gland, reducing signs of aging, reducing the risk of getting a cold or other infection, delayed growth, shingles, skin disorders, stimulating adrenal glands, sore mouth (stomatitis), chronic fatigue syndrome, toxicity related to medications such as salicylates or streptomycin, dizziness, constipation, and wound healing. It is also used following surgery to improve movement in the intestines and to reduce sore throat.

People apply dexpanthenol, which is made from pantothenic acid to the skin for itching, promoting healing of mild eczemas and other skin conditions, insect stings, bites, poison ivy, diaper rash, and acne. It is also applied topically for preventing and treating skin reactions to radiation therapy. It is also applied to reduce skin reactions to radiotherapy treatment, for dry eyes and eye trauma, and for sprains.

Dexpanthenol is given with a needle into the vein or muscle to improve intestinal movement (intestinal peristalsis), possibly following surgery of the gut, for abdominal bloating (distension) due to reduced intestinal function, and for gas following surgery or pregnancy.

A nasal spray containing dexpanthenol is used to reduce the feeling of having a stuffed nose (nasal obstruction) and to reduce a runny nose (nasal discharge).

How does it work?

Pantothenic acid is important for our bodies to properly use carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids and for healthy skin.

What is D calcium pantothenate used for?

Calcium-D-Pantothenate, a nutritional supplement, is indicated for the treatment of Pantothenic acid deficiency (Vitamin B5). Commonly, Calcium-D-Pantothenate is prescribed as a multivitamin formulation with other vitamins.

Is D calcium pantothenate the same as calcium pantothenate?

Vitamin B5 is available as D-pantothenic acid, as well as dexpanthenol and calcium pantothenate, which are chemicals made in the lab from D-pantothenic acid. People most commonly use pantothenic acid for pantothenic acid deficiency.

Does D calcium pantothenate have calcium in it?

Calcium Pantothenate is the calcium salt of the water-soluble vitamin B5, ubiquitously found in plants and animal tissues with antioxidant property. Pentothenate is a component of coenzyme A (CoA) and a part of the vitamin B2 complex.

Is D calcium pantothenate safe?

The use of calcium D-pantothenate in feed and water for drinking and of D-panthenol in water for drinking is safe for all animal species and categories. The use of calcium D-pantothenate and D-panthenol as nutritional additives does not give rise to concern for consumers.

Does calcium pantothenate give you energy?

As with all B vitamins, pantothenic acid helps the body break down fats, carbohydrates, and proteins so that our bodies can use them for energy and rebuilding tissues, muscles, and organs.

Is D calcium pantothenate the same as vitamin D?

Vitamin B5 is commercially available as D-pantothenic acid, as well as dexpanthenol and calcium pantothenate, which are chemicals made in the lab from D-pantothenic acid. Pantothenic acid is frequently used in combination with other B vitamins in vitamin B complex formulations.

Is calcium pantothenate natural?

Pantothenic acid (also known as vitamin B5) is an essential nutrient that is naturally present in some foods, added to others, and available as a dietary supplement. The main function of this water-soluble B vitamin is in the synthesis of coenzyme A (CoA) and acyl carrier protein.

What is D calcium pantothenate made from?

Only the D- isomer of pantothenic acid has vitamin activity, although both the D- isomer and the DL-racemic mixture of calcium pantothenate are used in food. Commercial calcium pantothenate is prepared synthetically from isobutyraldehyde and formaldehyde via 1,1-dimethyl-2-hydroxy-propionaldehyde and pantolactone.

Is calcium pantothenate vegan?

The short answer is yes, calcium propionate is vegan.

What is pantothenate good for?

Vitamin B5, also called pantothenic acid, is one of the most important vitamins for human life. It’s necessary for making blood cells, and it helps you convert the food you eat into energy. Vitamin B5 is one of eight B vitamins. All B vitamins help you convert the protein, carbohydrates, and fats you eat into energy.

Is pantothenic acid a sperm?

The thiamine, riboflavin, pantothenic acid, and niacin content of fresh bull semen were found to be 0.89,2.09,3.71, and 3.63 y per cc., respectively. The spermatozoa count was correlated with the concentration of all four vitamins.

more info at:

https://www.rxlist.com/pantothenic_acid/supplements.htm

https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/calcium_pantothenate

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pantothenic_acid

Green Tea Leaf Extract

Made from dried green tea leaves, green tea extract contains caffeine as well as plant compounds called catechins, including epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG).

Read the label on any energy drink or shot, and you’ll likely find some combination of caffeine, green tea extract, high-dose vitamins, and herbs.

Is green tea extract — promoted as a natural energy booster in your drink — a good way to fight fatigue?

“The short answer is no. There are better ways to boost your energy,” says integrative medicine specialist Irina Todorov, MD.

While catechins have strong antioxidant potential, you don’t know how many milligrams you’re consuming because food and drink manufacturers don’t have to list the amounts of green tea extract or EGCG on labels, she says.

What about green tea extract’s other benefits?

Studies of green tea extract’s effect on athletic performance have been inconclusive. “But enjoying a cup of green tea after a workout is a great way to hydrate, and load your body with antioxidants and nutrients,” adds Dr. Todorov.

And research on green tea extract for weight loss has found it has minimal if any, effect. “In my opinion, patients can achieve the same amount of weight loss with lifestyle changes, and avoid the risk of side effects and the cost of supplements,” says Dr. Todorov.

However, drinking green tea itself is associated with a lower risk of coronary artery disease. A meta-analysis found that consuming green tea or green tea extract with 150 to 2500 milligrams of catechins daily improved patients’ cholesterol profiles.

Is green tea extract the same as green tea?

Green tea is made from the camellia Sinensis plant. … Green tea extract is a supplement derived from the green tea plant. It contains concentrated compounds of antioxidants, polyphenols, vitamins, and flavonoids of green tea.

Is green tea leaf extract safe?

You may have heard green tea is good for you, but don’t confuse drinking a cup of green tea with green tea extract powder. “Higher concentrations of green tea extract can be really dangerous because it can potentially cause serious liver damage.

What is tea leaf extract?

The leaf extract is the oil from its leaves ( 1 ). Camellia sinensis or tea leaf extract has gained popularity given the multiple health benefits of tea, especially those of green tea. The extract provides the plant’s beneficial compounds in a concentrated form, which you can make at home or buy as a supplement.

Is green tea extract bad for your liver?

Green tea is known for its healthy antioxidants. And it’s easy to find: Concentrated levels of green tea extract are available in more than 100 over-the-counter products. But green tea extract is linked to serious liver damage in some people. As a result, those with liver disease should stay away from the supplements.

Is green tea extract the same as EGCG?

Made from dried green tea leaves, green tea extract contains caffeine as well as plant compounds called catechins, including epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG).

What does green tea extract do for you?

Many studies have shown that green tea extract can promote weight loss, blood sugar regulation, disease prevention, and exercise recovery. It can also help keep your skin and liver healthy, reduce blood fat levels, regulate blood pressure, and improve brain health.

Why green tea extract is bad for you?

Green Tea Extract Causes Liver Toxicity

Catechins, a type of polyphenols, target your vital mitochondria. This attack prevents them from helping your body metabolize food into energy and can lead to hepatitis or even liver failure.

Which tea is best for the kidneys?

Although experts are unsure whether green tea will positively affect your health from a purely medical standpoint, it is certainly a safe, tasty, and zero-calorie beverage for people with kidney disease. Green tea may also lower your risk of developing kidney stones.

more info at:

https://www.japanesegreenteain.com/blogs/green-tea-and-health/10-reasons-why-green-tea-extract-is-bad-for-you

https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?contenttypeid=19&contentid=greenteaextract

https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/green-tea

Folic Acid

Do energy drinks have folic acid?

In addition to caffeine, 5-Hour Energy contains B12 and two other B vitamins — folic acid and niacin — that can have negative side effects when consumed in excessive amounts.

Does folic acid boost energy?

Vitamins B3, B6, B12, and folic acid have all been associated with fending off depression. Also, low levels of Vitamin B can leave us feeling down, and less energetic. Folic acid, vitamin B6, and B12, when taken with amino acids, have also been shown to improve our cognitive abilities.

About folic acid

Folic acid is a B vitamin. Our bodies use it to make new cells. Think about the skin, hair, and nails. These–and other parts of the body – make new cells each day. Folic acid is the synthetic (that is, not generally occurring naturally) form of folate used in supplements and in fortified foods such as rice, pasta, bread, and some breakfast cereals.

Are folate and folic acid the same thing?

The terms “folate” and “folic acid” are often used interchangeably, even though they are different. Folate is a general term to describe many different types of vitamin B9.

Types of folate can include

Dihydrofolate (DHF)
Tetrahydrofolate (THF)
5, 10-methylenetetrahydrofolate (5, 10-Methylene-THF)
5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-Methyl-THF or 5-MTHF)

Food fortification is a way to add vitamins or minerals, or both, to foods. Some rice, pasta, bread, and breakfast cereals are fortified with folic acid. These foods are labeled “enriched.” Folic acid is a specific type of folate that does not generally occur naturally.

Folic acid is ideal to use for food fortification. It is more stable than types of natural food folate. Heat and light can easily break down types of natural food folate. Folic acid is better suited for food fortification because many fortified products, such as bread and pasta, are cooked.⁶

CDC recommends that women of reproductive age who could become pregnant consume at least 400 micrograms (mcg) of folate every day. However, it’s difficult to get 400 mcg of folate through diet alone. You can get 400 mcg of folic acid each day by taking a vitamin with folic acid in it, eating fortified foods, or a combination of the two, in addition to consuming a balanced diet rich in natural food folate.

more info at:

https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/folicacid/about.html

American Ginseng root extract

This medicinal root may fight fatigue and prevent colds.

American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius) is a root used in herbal medicine. Both Native American healers and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) have utilized it.

A member of the ivy family, American ginseng roots are available whole as well as in supplement and tea forms. The plant is native to North America.

Fatigue

Preliminary research suggests American ginseng may fight fatigue. It has this in common with the more common Panax ginseng, a.k.a. Asian or Korean ginseng.

An older study said it appeared to improve cancer-related fatigue—and without side effects. The researchers called for more research into this treatment.

The overall evidence for American ginseng’s potential health benefits is limited. However, the available pool of research is growing. Some research suggests this root could help treat:

Fatigue
Poor mental function
Diabetes
Cold and flu

Mental Function

Evidence is growing that American ginseng can improve mental function.

A 2020 study demonstrated more activity in some brain regions during processes using working (short-term) memory.4
A 2019 review of research said it appears to enhance cognitive function and alertness.5
A 2019 study said American ginseng plus whole coffee fruit extract and Bacopa monniera appeared to increase working memory.6
A 2015 study showed an increase in working memory in middle-aged people.7

Some studies noted improved mental function after just a single dose of American ginseng.

Diabetes

Maintaining normal blood sugar levels is important for managing and preventing diabetes.

A 2018 study found adding American ginseng to diabetes treatments helped keep blood sugars in line.8

Randomized, controlled trials done in 2019 and 2020—studies where participants were assigned to either a real or fake treatment group by chance—said American ginseng improved:

Blood sugar control (fasting and A1C)
Diabetes-related high blood pressure9
Diabetes-related heart-disease risk10

Ongoing research is looking at American ginseng use in treating pre-diabetes as well.11

Cold and Flu

American ginseng may offer protection against viral respiratory tract infections, including influenza, flu-like illnesses, and the common cold, according to a 2017 review.12

A 2020 analysis of research said American ginseng might be helpful in preventing and treating seasonal respiratory infections. However, researchers said the evidence wasn’t strong enough for firm conclusions.13

Possible Side Effects

American ginseng is believed to be generally safe. Still, it may lead to side effects including:14

Insomnia
Restlessness
Anxiety
Mania
High blood pressure
Euphoria
Headache
Nosebleed
Vaginal bleeding
Vomiting and/or diarrhea
Low blood sugar (hypoglycemia)

The long-term side effects of ginseng use aren’t known.

Drug interactions are possible. Unless your doctor has advised it, don’t take American ginseng with:14

Coumadin (warfarin): It may reduce the drug’s effectiveness.
Depression medications called MAOIs: The combination may cause anxiety, headache, restlessness, and insomnia.
Blood sugar-lowering drugs: It may low blood sugar too much.
Antipsychotic medications: It may increase effects and side effects.
Stimulants: It may increase the effects and side effects.

Pregnant women should not take American ginseng. It’s closely related to Panax ginseng, which is linked to possible birth defects.15

Selection, Preparation, and Storage

American ginseng is sold online and in many stores that sell natural foods, herbal medicine, and supplements.

References and more info:

https://www.verywellhealth.com/american-ginseng-health-benefits-89218

Pyridoxal-5-Phosphate

(P5P)

Natural chemical reactions in your body occur all the time and are beneficial to your health and well-being. You’re alive because of the natural process of chemical reactions. Cooking food is a chemical reaction, and so is eating it. Taking supplements causes chemical reactions in your body, and so does the simple act of breathing. Pyridoxal-5-phosphate (P5P) plays an integral role in over one hundred natural chemical reactions that take place inside your body. For that reason, it’s an essential supplement.

Some reactions take place relatively easily, such as running, while others may need a push. Inside your body, that push happens when molecules called enzymes are present. (x) This is where P5P comes into play. But P5P is a coenzyme. A coenzyme is a non-protein molecule that helps an enzyme do its job. An enzyme is a protein molecule that speeds up or slows down a chemical reaction in your body. A coenzyme cannot catalyze these reactions on its own but help get the enzymes working. (x) Think of a coenzyme as the thing that flips the switch and gets the chemical reaction rolling. P5P is the active form of Vitamin B6 — turns food into energy. (x)

P5P has many important jobs to perform in your body. For starters, it’s essential in processing macronutrients. These are nutrients required in large amounts of your diet: proteins, fats, and carbohydrates. P5P also plays a role in producing chemical transmitters such as dopamine and serotonin and supporting new muscle growth and repair. It makes heme for hemoglobin, the protein that transports oxygen around the body. (x) (x) P5P also helps the body’s anti-inflammatory response. (x)

But P5P doesn’t stop there. It regulates nerve, heart, and muscle function by keeping potassium and sodium levels balanced.(x) On its own and in combination with other enzymes, P5P works to break down chains of amino acids and reform them into other amino acids. (x) It assists with cell metabolism and releases energy as the body needs it. (x) It assists in synthesizing red blood cells and protective white blood cells or antibodies. (x)

Health Benefits of P5P

Now that you’ve read what P5P does for your body and have decided to take the supplement, make sure you first discuss it with your healthcare provider. Here is a more structured outline of its benefits:

Vitamin B6 Deficiency

A P5P deficiency can cause problems in the nerves, skin, and blood. Anemia (a lack of iron in your blood) is one possibility. (x) Signs of pyridoxine deficiency include diarrhea, rash, and even dementia. (x) (x) Nausea and vomiting may also occur, leading to poor appetite and possibly malnutrition. Confusion, depression, and anxiety are other potential indicators. (x) The American College for Advancement of Medicine reported that a deficiency in B6 and iron causes panic attacks and anxiety in their newsletter. The report stems from a human study performed in Japan, supporting low levels of B6 and iron results in anxiety and panic attacks. (x)

Low levels of P5P may cause peripheral neuropathy—pain, numbness, and weakness around the body. Some other symptoms includeinsomnia, soreness on the tongue, and irritability. (x) (x) (x)

Decreased immunity can become a problem with a deficiency of pyridoxine. (x) Children may experience a form of epilepsy if their bodies cannot metabolize Vitamin B6. (x) A P5P supplement may alleviate many or all of these symptoms and reverse a deficiency.

Sideroblastic Anemia

Sideroblastic anemia is a group of blood disorders in which the bone marrow does not produce healthy red blood cells because of an inability to convert iron into hemoglobin. The iron accumulates in the red blood cells, creating a ringed sideroblast or a ringed nucleus in the cell. Symptoms include fatigue, weakness, trouble breathing, and an enlarged spleen and liver. Though you can inherit this health concern, other conditions can cause it as well, such as drug and toxin exposure. The cause may also be idiopathic or unknown. (x) In certain instances, a P5P supplement may help. According to a research study, the supplement helped alleviate the symptoms in a 72-year-old patient. (x)

Homocysteine Blood Levels

High levels of the amino acid homocysteine mean potential risk factors for cardiovascular disease. (x) It stems from your body generating the amino acid methionine when you ingest meat, mainly. (x) Researchers have found a correlation between high homocysteine levels and heart disease. (x)

P5P supplements may reduce methionine levels in the body, reducing homocysteine levels at the same time. P5P may also help protect against high blood pressure (hypertension), coronary heart disease, and cerebral vascular disease. (x)

Cancer

A P5P deficiency may increase the risk for cancer of the cervix and pancreas. Studies show that many women with cervical cancer are deficient in Vitamin B6. (x) Researchers need to conduct more studies, but because there is a connection between the two, P5P supplements may reduce the risk for cervical cancer.

Pancreatic cancer is less common than other types, but it is very aggressive and kills an estimated 45,000 Americans in 2019. (x) One study further revealed that a full quarter of pancreatic cancer patients were deficient in Vitamin B6 and that subjects who consumed higher levels of Vitamin B6 — either from their diet or from supplements—had a reduced risk for pancreatic cancer. (x)

Vision

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is an increasingly common disorder that causes vision loss, mainly in people older than 50. The macula is a small spot near the middle of the retina, which is necessary for clear central vision. AMD may progress slowly, or it may move fast. Studies claim that P5P supplements with other B vitamins may prevent vision loss from macular degeneration. (x)

Arterial Health

Coronary heart disease is the number one killer in both men and women in the United States. It stems from plaque building up in the arteries. Atherosclerosis is a condition in which the arteries harden and lose flexibility. (x) According to research studies, B vitamin supplements, including P5P, may reduce the progression of early atherosclerosis.(x)

Kidney Stones

Certain people have a higher likelihood of developing kidney stones because of a genetic disorder called type I primary hyperoxaluria. (x) Some research indicates that a B6 supplement with or without magnesium may decrease the risk of kidney stones for those with this inherited condition. (x) However, it’s vital to note that Vitamin B6 does not seem to help those who have developed kidney stones because of other causes.

Nausea During Pregnancy

Studies suggest that taking Vitamin B6 in the form of pyridoxine may reduce nausea and vomiting for pregnant women. In fact, the American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology recommends Vitamin B6 first as a treatment for this complaint in early pregnancy. (x)

Tardive Dyskinesia

Tardive dyskinesia is a movement disorder in which the muscles of the face, neck, and limbs twitch involuntarily and interfere with the ability to communicate. It is a side effect of antipsychotic drugs used to treat schizophrenia — these drugs incapacitate you when you take them. Studies show that P5P supplements may help improve symptoms of this condition in some patients. However, the claim requires more research or avoiding taking psychotropic drugs. (x)

Aging

Glycation is a process in which sugar attaches to protein and forms harmful new molecules called advanced glycation end products (AGE). (x) Cataracts are one example of glycation; poor kidney function is another. (x) (x) AGEs can affect collagen production, causing premature aging. Wrinkled, sagging skin is one of the most visible signs. Studies suggest that Vitamin B6 may help protect against the glycation process and inhibit AGE formation.

Side Effects of P5P

Vitamin B6 is a natural substance, and the body needs it to produce chemical reactions. It is also water-soluble, meaning the body releases it in urine. People rarely suffer from too much Vitamin B6 from food, but they can get too much of it in supplement form when taken for too long. (x) It may potentially cause headaches, nausea, vomiting, and upset stomach. (x) Other side effects include skin rashes, nerve damage, sensitivity to light, heartburn, and neuropathic pain. (x) (x)

P5P Dosage

It’s always vital to consult with a doctor before adding any supplement to your health regimen, including P5P. The recommended dosage is 50 mg a day with meals unless a physician advises otherwise.

Why Take P5P?

Vitamin B6 is naturally in a variety of foods, including fish, liver, beef, starchy vegetables, and non-citrus fruits. (x) However, food preparation may reduce vitamin levels. Cooking, canning, freezing, and processing can destroy up to 50 percent of Vitamin B6. (x)

Also, the liver must convert Vitamin B6 to P5P before the body can use it. The liver converting B6 to P5P should not be a problem for those with a healthy liver, but compromised liver function can cause a deficiency. (x) Other vulnerable populations may include those with celiac disease and potentially autism, although researchers cannot confirm the relationship. (x) (x)

However, with a P5P supplement, the conversion process has already been completed, and users experience the benefits faster. It can provide more physical energy, mental energy, and better memory.

The Bottom Line

P5P is a coenzyme of Vitamin B6. A coenzyme helps enzymes catalyze chemical reactions in your body. It is integral to several different bodily functions, including metabolism, muscle growth, and anti-inflammatory response.

Studies show that P5P may help prevent the risk of heart disease and potentially cervical and pancreatic cancer. Vitamin B6 is also used to treat nausea in pregnancy and slow the skin’s aging process.

Insufficient P5P intake may cause a wide variety of health issues, including anemia, depression, irritability, lack of appetite, and skin rashes. Although P5P may help treat or prevent health conditions, supplements are not a sufficient replacement for medical advice or treatment. Consult a doctor before adding P5P to your dietary routine.

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. These products are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.

more info at:

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/pyridoxal-5-phosphate

https://www.earthclinic.com/supplements/pyridoxal-phosphate.html

Riboflavin-5-Phosphate

Riboflavin (also known as vitamin B2) is one of the B vitamins, which are all water-soluble. Riboflavin is naturally present in some foods, added to some food products and available as a dietary supplement. This vitamin is an essential component of two major coenzymes, flavin mononucleotide (FMN; also known as riboflavin-5’-phosphate) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD). These coenzymes play major roles in energy production; cellular function, growth, and development; and metabolism of fats, drugs, and steroids [1-3]. The conversion of the amino acid tryptophan to niacin (sometimes referred to as vitamin B3) requires FAD [3]. Similarly, the conversion of vitamin B6 to the coenzyme pyridoxal 5’-phosphate needs FMN. In addition, riboflavin helps maintain normal levels of homocysteine, an amino acid in the blood [1].

Riboflavin is yellow and naturally fluorescent when exposed to ultraviolet light[1]. Moreover, ultraviolet and visible light can rapidly inactivate riboflavin and its derivatives. Because of this sensitivity, lengthy light therapy to treat jaundice in newborns or skin disorders can lead to riboflavin deficiency. The risk of riboflavin loss from exposure to light is the reason why milk is not typically stored in glass containers [3,5].

Recommended Intakes

Intake recommendations for riboflavin and other nutrients are provided in the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) developed by the Food and Nutrition Board (FNB) at the Institute of Medicine of the National Academies [3]. DRI is the general term for a set of reference values used for planning and assessing nutrient intakes of healthy people. These values, which vary by age and sex, include:

Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA): Average daily level of intake sufficient to meet the nutrient requirements of nearly all (97%–98%) healthy individuals; often used to plan nutritionally adequate diets for individuals.
Adequate Intake (AI): Intake at this level is assumed to ensure nutritional adequacy; established when evidence is insufficient to develop an RDA.
Estimated Average Requirement (EAR): Average daily level of intake estimated to meet the requirements of 50% of healthy individuals; usually used to assess the nutrient intakes of groups of people and to plan nutritionally adequate diets for them; can also be used to assess the nutrient intakes of individuals.
Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL): Maximum daily intake unlikely to cause adverse health effects.

Table 1 lists the current RDAs for riboflavin [3]. For infants from birth to 12 months, the FNB established an AI for riboflavin that is equivalent to the mean intake of riboflavin in healthy, breastfed infants.

Table 1: Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) for Riboflavin [3]
Age	Male	Female	Pregnancy	Lactation
Birth to 6 months*	0.3 mg	0.3 mg
7–12 months*	0.4 mg	0.4 mg
1–3 years	0.5 mg	0.5 mg
4–8 years	0.6 mg	0.6 mg
9–13 years	0.9 mg	0.9 mg
14–18 years	1.3 mg	1.0 mg	1.4 mg	1.6 mg
19-50 years	1.3 mg	1.1 mg	1.4 mg	1.6 mg
51+ years	1.3 mg	1.1 mg

* AI

Sources of Riboflavin

Food

Foods that are particularly rich in riboflavin include eggs, organ meats (kidneys and liver), lean meats, and milk [2,4]. Green vegetables also contain riboflavin. Grains and cereals are fortified with riboflavin in the United States and many other countries [4]. The largest dietary contributors of total riboflavin intake in U.S. men and women are milk and milk drinks, bread and bread products, mixed foods whose main ingredient is meat, ready-to-eat cereals, and mixed foods whose main ingredient is a grain [3]. The riboflavin in most foods is in the form of FAD, although the main form in eggs and milk is free riboflavin [9].

About 95% of riboflavin in the form of FAD or FMN from food is bioavailable up to a maximum of about 27 mg of riboflavin per meal or dose [3]. The bioavailability of free riboflavin is similar to that of FAD and FMN [9,10]. Because riboflavin is soluble in water, about twice as much riboflavin content is lost in cooking water when foods are boiled as when they are prepared in other ways, such as by steaming or microwaving [11].

Several food sources of riboflavin are listed in Table 2.

Table 2: Riboflavin Content of Selected Foods [12]
Food	Milligrams (mg) per serving	Percent DV*
Beef liver, pan-fried, 3 ounces	2.9	223
Breakfast cereals, fortified with 100% of the DV for riboflavin, 1 serving	1.3	100
Oats, instant, fortified, cooked with water, 1 cup	1.1	85
Yogurt, plain, fat-free, 1 cup	0.6	46
Milk, 2% fat, 1 cup	0.5	38
Beef, tenderloin steak, boneless, trimmed of fat, grilled, 3 ounces	0.4	31
Clams, mixed species, cooked, moist heat, 3 ounces	0.4	31
Mushrooms, portabella, sliced, grilled, ½ cup	0.3	23
Almonds, dry roasted, 1 ounce	0.3	23
Cheese, Swiss, 3 ounces	0.3	23
Rotisserie chicken, breast meat only, 3 ounces	0.2	15
Egg, whole, scrambled, 1 large	0.2	15
Quinoa, cooked, 1 cup	0.2	15
Bagel, plain, enriched, 1 medium (3½”–4” diameter)	0.2	15
Salmon, pink, canned, 3 ounces	0.2	15
Spinach, raw, 1 cup	0.1	8
Apple, with skin, 1 large	0.1	8
Kidney beans, canned, 1 cup	0.1	8
Macaroni, elbow-shaped, whole wheat, cooked, 1 cup	0.1	8
Bread, whole wheat, 1 slice	0.1	8
Cod, Atlantic, cooked, dry heat, 3 ounces	0.1	8
Sunflower seeds, toasted, 1 ounce	0.1	8
Tomatoes, crushed, canned, ½ cup	0.1	8
Rice, white, enriched, long-grain, cooked, ½ cup	0.1	8
Rice, brown, long-grain, cooked, ½ cup	0	0

*DV = Daily Value. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) developed DVs to help consumers compare the nutrient contents of foods and dietary supplements within the context of a total diet. The DV for riboflavin is 1.3 mg for adults and children aged 4 years and older [13]. FDA does not require food labels to list riboflavin content unless riboflavin has been added to the food. Foods providing 20% or more of the DV are considered to be high sources of a nutrient, but foods providing lower percentages of the DV also contribute to a healthful diet.

The U.S. Department of Agriculture’s (USDA’s) FoodData Central [12] lists the nutrient content of many foods and provides a comprehensive list of foods containing riboflavin arranged by nutrient content and food name.

Dietary supplements

Riboflavin is available in many dietary supplements. Multivitamin/multimineral supplements with riboflavin commonly provide 1.3 mg riboflavin (100% of the DV) [14]. Supplements containing riboflavin only or B-complex vitamins (that include riboflavin) are also available. In most supplements, riboflavin is in the free form, but some supplements have riboflavin 5’-phosphate.

Riboflavin Intakes and Status

Most people in the United States consume the recommended amounts of riboflavin. An analysis of data from the 2003-2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) showed that less than 6% of the U.S. population has an intake of riboflavin from foods and supplements below the EAR [15]. An analysis of self-reported data from the 1999–2004 NHANES found that intakes of riboflavin were higher in Lacto-ovo vegetarians (2.3 mg/day) than nonvegetarians (2.1 mg/day) [16].

Among children and teens, the average daily riboflavin intake from foods is 1.8 mg for ages 2–5 years, 1.9 mg for ages 6–11, and 2.1 mg for ages 12–19 [17]. In adults, the average daily riboflavin intake from foods is 2.5 mg in men and 1.8 mg in women. The average daily riboflavin intake from foods and supplements in children and teens is 2.1 mg for ages 2–5 years, 2.2 mg for ages 6–11, and 2.3 mg for ages 12–19. In adults aged 20 and older, the average daily riboflavin intake from foods and supplements is 4.5 mg in men and 4.7 mg in women.

Riboflavin Deficiency

Riboflavin deficiency is extremely rare in the United States. In addition to inadequate intake, causes of riboflavin deficiency can include endocrine abnormalities (such as thyroid hormone insufficiency) and some diseases [1]. The signs and symptoms of riboflavin deficiency (also known as ariboflavinosis) include skin disorders, hyperemia (excess blood) and edema of the mouth and throat, angular stomatitis (lesions at the corners of the mouth), cheilosis (swollen, cracked lips), hair loss, reproductive problems, sore throat, itchy and red eyes, and degeneration of the liver and nervous system [1-3,8]. People with riboflavin deficiency typically have deficiencies of other nutrients, so some of these signs and symptoms might reflect these other deficiencies. Severe riboflavin deficiency can impair the metabolism of other nutrients, especially other B vitamins, through diminished levels of flavin coenzymes [3]. Anemia and cataracts can develop if riboflavin deficiency is severe and prolonged [1].

The earlier changes associated with riboflavin deficiency are easily reversed. However, riboflavin supplements rarely reverse later anatomical changes (such as the formation of cataracts) [1].

Groups at Risk of Riboflavin Inadequacy

The following groups are among those most likely to have inadequate riboflavin status.

Vegetarian athletes

Exercise produces stress in the metabolic pathways that use riboflavin [18]. The Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, Dietitians of Canada, and the American College of Sports Medicine state that vegetarian athletes are at risk of riboflavin deficiency because of their increased need for this nutrient and because some vegetarians exclude all animal products (including milk, yogurt, cheese, and eggs), which tend to be good sources of riboflavin, from their diets [19]. These associations recommend that vegetarian athletes consult a sports dietitian to avoid this potential problem.

Pregnant and lactating women and their infants

Pregnant or lactating women who rarely consume meats or dairy products (such as those living in developing countries and some vegetarians in the United States) are at risk of riboflavin deficiency, which can have adverse effects on the health of both mothers and their infants [2]. Riboflavin deficiency during pregnancy, for example, can increase the risk of preeclampsia [20]. The limited evidence on the benefits of riboflavin supplements during pregnancy in both developed and developing countries is mixed [21-23].

Riboflavin intakes during pregnancy have a positive association with infant birth weight and length [24]. Infants of mothers with riboflavin deficiency or low dietary intakes (less than 1.2 mg/day) during pregnancy have a higher risk of deficiency and of certain birth defects (such as outflow tract defects of the heart) [22,25]. However, maternal riboflavin intake has no association with the risk of orofacial clefts in infants [26].

In well-nourished women, riboflavin concentrations in breast milk ranged from 180 to 800 mcg/L, and concentrations of riboflavin in breast milk increase over time [27,28]. In developing countries, in contrast, riboflavin levels in breast milk ranged from 160 to 220 mcg/L [27].

People who are vegan and/or consume little milk

In people who eat meat and dairy products, these foods contribute a substantial proportion of riboflavin in the diet. For this reason, people who live in developing countries and have limited intakes of meat and dairy products have an increased risk of riboflavin deficiency [29,30]. Vegans and those who consume little milk in developed countries are also at risk of riboflavin inadequacy [31-35].

People with riboflavin transporter deficiency

Riboflavin transporter deficiency (formerly known as Brown-Vialetto-Van Laere or Fazio-Londe syndrome) is a rare neurological disorder. It can begin between infancy and young adulthood and is associated with hearing loss, bulbar palsy (a motor-neuron disease), respiratory difficulties, and other symptoms [36,37]. The disease is caused by mutations in the SLC52A3 or SLC52A2 genes, which encode riboflavin transporters. As a result, these patients cannot properly absorb and transport riboflavin, so they develop riboflavin deficiency. Although no cure exists for riboflavin transporter deficiency, high-dose riboflavin supplementation can be a life-saving treatment in this population, especially when it is initiated soon after symptom onset.

Riboflavin and Health

This section focuses on two conditions in which riboflavin might play a role: migraine headaches and cancer.

Migraine headaches

Migraine headaches typically produce intense pulsing or throbbing pain in one area of the head [38]. These headaches are sometimes preceded or accompanied by an aura (transient focal neurological symptoms before or during the headaches). Mitochondrial dysfunction is thought to play a causal role in some types of migraine [39]. Because riboflavin is required for mitochondrial function, researchers are studying the potential use of riboflavin to prevent or treat migraine headaches [40].

Some, but not all, of the few small studies conducted to date have found evidence of a beneficial effect of riboflavin supplements on migraine headaches in adults and children. In a randomized trial in 55 adults with migraine, 400 mg/day riboflavin reduced the frequency of migraine attacks by two per month compared to placebo [41]. In a retrospective study in 41 children (mean age 13 years) in Italy, 200 or 400 mg/day riboflavin for 3 to 6 months significantly reduced the frequency (from 21.7 ± 13.7 to 13.2 ± 11.8 migraine attacks over a 3-month period) and intensity of migraine headaches during treatment [42]. The beneficial effects lasted throughout the 1.5-year follow-up period after treatment ended. However, two small randomized studies in children found that 50 to 200 mg/day riboflavin did not reduce the number of migraine headaches or headache severity compared to placebo [43,44].

The Quality Standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology and the American Headache Society concluded that riboflavin is probably effective for preventing migraine headaches and recommended offering it for this purpose [45]. The Canadian Headache Society recommends 400 mg/day riboflavin for migraine headache prevention, noting that although the evidence supporting this recommendation is of low quality, there is some evidence for benefit and side effects (such as discolored urine) are minimal [46].

Cancer prevention

Experts have theorized that riboflavin might help prevent the DNA damage caused by many carcinogens by acting as a coenzyme with several different cytochrome P450 enzymes [1]. However, data on the relationship between riboflavin and cancer prevention or treatment are limited and study findings are mixed.

A few large observational studies have produced conflicting results on the relationship between riboflavin intake and lung cancer risk. A prospective study followed 41,514 current, former, and never smokers in the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study for 15 years, on average [47]. The average riboflavin intake among all participants was 2.5 mg/day. The results showed a significant inverse association between dietary riboflavin intake and lung cancer risk in current smokers (fifth versus first quintile) but not former or never smokers. However, another cohort study in 385,747 current, former, and never smokers who were followed for up to 12 years in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition found no association between riboflavin intakes and colorectal cancer risk in any of the three groups [48]. Moreover, the prospective Canadian National Breast Screening Study showed no association between dietary intakes or serum levels of riboflavin and lung cancer risk in 89,835 women aged 40-59 from the general population over 16.3 years, on average [49].

Observational studies on the relationship between riboflavin intakes and colorectal cancer risk have not yielded conclusive results either. An analysis of data on 88,045 postmenopausal women in the Women’s Health Initiative Observational Study showed that total intakes of riboflavin from both foods and supplements were associated with a lower risk of colorectal cancer [50]. A study that followed 2,349 individuals with cancer and 4,168 individuals without cancer participating in the Netherlands Cohort Study on Diet and Cancer for 13 years found no significant association between riboflavin and proximal colon cancer risk among women [51].

Future studies, including clinical trials, are needed to clarify the relationship between riboflavin intakes and various types of cancer and determine whether riboflavin supplements might reduce cancer risk.

Health Risks from Excessive Riboflavin

Intakes of riboflavin from food that are many times the RDA have no observable toxicity, possibly because riboflavin’s solubility and capacity to be absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract are limited [1,3]. Because adverse effects from high riboflavin intakes from foods or supplements (400 mg/day for at least 3 months) have not been reported, the FNB did not establish ULs for riboflavin [3]. The limited data available on riboflavin’s adverse effects do not mean, however, that high intakes have no adverse effects, and the FNB urges people to be cautious about consuming excessive amounts of riboflavin [3].

Interactions with Medications

Riboflavin is not known to have any clinically relevant interactions with medications.

Riboflavin and Healthful Diets

The federal government’s 2020–2025 Dietary Guidelines for Americans notes that “Because foods provide an array of nutrients and other components that have benefits for health, nutritional needs should be met primarily through foods. … In some cases, fortified foods and dietary supplements are useful when it is not possible otherwise to meet needs for one or more nutrients (e.g., during specific life stages such as pregnancy).”

For more information about building a healthy dietary pattern, refer to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans and the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s MyPlate.

The Dietary Guidelines for Americans describes a healthy dietary pattern as one that:

- Includes a variety of vegetables; fruits; grains (at least half whole grains); fat-free and low-fat milk, yogurt, and cheese; and oils.
  
  Milk and yogurt are high in riboflavin. Enriched grains are good sources of riboflavin. Quinoa and some fruits and vegetables contain riboflavin.
- Includes a variety of protein foods such as lean meats; poultry; eggs; seafood; beans, peas, and lentils; nuts and seeds; and soy products.
  
  Beef is rich in riboflavin. Chicken, fish, nuts, and eggs are good sources of riboflavin.
- Limits foods and beverages higher in added sugars, saturated fat, and sodium.

- Limits alcoholic beverages.

Stays within your daily calorie needs.

more info at:

https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Riboflavine-5_-phosphate

https://www.drugs.com/cdi/riboflavin-5-phosphate.html

https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Riboflavin-HealthProfessional/

Xylitol

Xylitol is a natural sugar alcohol found in plants, including many fruits and vegetables. It has a sweet taste and is often used as a sugar substitute.

Xylitol tastes sweet but, unlike sugar, it doesn’t cause tooth decay. It reduces levels of decay-causing bacteria in saliva and also acts against some bacteria that cause ear infections. It’s widely used in “sugar-free” chewing gums, mints, and other candies.

In the US, products that contain xylitol are allowed to state that they reduce the risk for cavities. People also use xylitol to prevent tooth plaque, ear infection, dry mouth, and many other conditions, but there is no good scientific evidence to support most of these uses.

Xylitol can be toxic to dogs. If your dog eats a product that contains xylitol, take them to a veterinarian immediately.

Likely Effective for

Cavities. Using xylitol-containing products in the mouth, such as chewing gum, candies, and toothpaste reduces the risk for cavities in adults and children 5 years and older. It’s unclear if it helps prevent cavities in children younger than 5 years old.

Possibly Effective for

Ear infection (otitis media). Giving xylitol-containing products such as chewing gum, lozenges, or syrups daily after meals to preschool children seems to reduce the risk for ear infections. But giving xylitol right after a respiratory infection has started doesn’t seem to prevent ear infections.

There is interest in using xylitol for a number of other purposes, but there isn’t enough reliable information to say whether it might be helpful.

Side Effects

When taken by mouth: Xylitol is commonly consumed in foods. It is possibly safe when used in chewing gums, candies, lozenges, kinds of toothpaste, and mouth rinses in amounts up to about 50 grams daily. It might cause diarrhea and gas in some people.

Taking high doses of xylitol is possibly unsafe. Using very high doses long-term might cause tumors.

When used as a rinse in the nose: Xylitol is possibly safe when mixed in water to clear the sinuses.

Special Precautions and Warnings

Pregnancy and breastfeeding: Xylitol is commonly consumed in foods. There isn’t enough reliable information to know if xylitol is safe to use as a medicine when pregnant or breastfeeding. Stay on the safe side and stick to food amounts.

Children: Xylitol is possibly safe when taken by mouth in amounts up to 20 grams daily for up to three years.

more info at:

https://xylitol.org/about-xylitol/

Kona Red Coffee Fruit

KonaRed™ is a remarkable antioxidant because of its unparalleled environment. Rocky volcano slopes nurture the coffee fruit, the sun-drenched mornings ripen the fruit, the misty afternoons refresh it and Kona coffee farmers meticulously handpick each brilliantly-colored cherry at the height of its nutrient power. Just like wine reflects the unique “terroir” of the environment in which it is grown, coffee from prized regions like Kona delivers nutrients and flavor profiles that cannot be duplicated anywhere else on earth. The beans are harvested at the peak of freshness when the anthocyanins, antioxidants, and polyphenols have reached their greatest concentration then processed to safely turn this easily spoiled fruit into a shelf-stable health packed supplement. Because of the care and medical-grade processing used, all KonaRed Coffee Fruit products can be traced back to the exact lot and even field that they came from, along with ongoing product testing this ensures that only the purest and highest quality extracts are used. This methodology results in a superfood with amazing health benefits.

The Coffee Fruit contains some of the highest ORAC values of any food discovered. KonaRed™ boasts an ORAC (Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity) score of 47,100 per 100 grams, this is The ORAC unit, ORAC value, or “ORAC score” is a method of measuring the antioxidant capacity of different foods and supplements. It was developed by scientists at the NIH searching for a way to compare the efficacy of various foods to fight the damage that free radicals do to the body, and provide consumers a guide to picking the foods with the most healthful composition. While the relationship between the ORAC value of food and its health benefit has not been established, it is believed that foods higher on the ORAC scale will more effectively neutralize free radicals. This assertion is backed by years of scientific study that shows a diet rich in antioxidants can help cells fight the constant onslaught of environmental and internal factors that damage cells. According to the free-radical theory of aging, this will slow the oxidative processes and free radical damage that can contribute to age-related degeneration and disease.

Natural, Fruit-Source Antioxidants such as KonaRed Coffee Fruit are recommended by doctors as the best way to put the power of these powerful super nutrients (superfoods) to work for you. Scientists have known for years that populations consuming diets rich in fruits and vegetables have shown to have lower incidences of many oxidation-linked chronic diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes. This has led to a recent surge in interest in the use of diet as a potential tool to manage oxidation-linked diseases. Phenolic phytochemicals with antioxidant properties are now believed to be an important component in fruits and vegetables responsible for these beneficial health effects.

KonaRed Coffee Fruit Contains Five Top-Tier Phenolic Acids in a “Natural-by Nature” Combination
• Chlorogenic Acid – Antioxidant with anti-inflammatory properties
• Caffeic Acid – Antioxidant with anti-inflammatory properties
• Ferulic Acid – Antioxidant and reactive toward free radicals such as reactive oxygen species (ROS)
• Quinic Acid – Antioxidant with anti-viral properties
• Trigonelline – Antioxidant with anti-bacterial properties

Get more information on the KonaRed Coffee Fruit line of products by visiting KonaRed Coffee Fruit on the web at http://konared.com/.

more info at:

https://epicureandculture.com/coffee-cherry/

https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/coffee-fruit-coffee-berry#what-it-is

Thiamin Mononitrate

Thiamine mononitrate, often referred to as vitamin B₁, is an essential human nutrient involved in a variety of cellular processes, such as the synthesis of amino acids or the use of sugars as energy. Though the compound is required by the biology of all animals on Earth, it is only generated in primitive organisms such as bacteria and plant life, so human beings must obtain it through their food or nutritional supplements. When thiamine mononitrate is added as a supplement to foods such as breakfast cereals, it is often referred to in a broader context as a B-vitamin complex. This is because its usually added in conjunction with other B vitamins, such as vitamin B₂ or riboflavin, vitamin B₃ or niacin, and vitamin B₆ known as pyridoxine, as well as others.

While vital to virtually every cellular function in the body where it is broken down into thiamin pyrophosphate, one of these areas is the proper function of the human nervous system. If there is a deficiency of thiamine mononitrate, inflammation of nerves near the brain known as peripheral neuritis can occur. The vitamin is also crucial to metabolic processes such as digestion, and supplements are often prescribed to alleviate diarrhea, ulcerative colitis, and other related conditions affected by the impaired metabolism of food into energy and nutrients.

Sources for thiamine mononitrate are widespread throughout the food chain due to its common presence in plants and include fish, nuts, other proteins, and whole grains. Supplements of vitamin B₁ have a long shelf-life of up to 42 months due to the stability of the compound, and this makes it ideal as an additive in many dry foods as well as beverage powders. One of the most common places it is added as a supplemental nutrient is in fortified, enriched flour.

Vitamin B₁ can go by other related names on labels such as thiamine and thiamine hydrochloride due to the source from which it is obtained, and it can be included in ingredients that are not listed on a label. An example of this is the compounds of carrageenan and Irish moss, which are forms of algae that contain thiamine mononitrate. Algae is a common ingredient in many cosmetics such as face creams, and it contains several essential vitamins and minerals. Since thiamine mononitrate promotes healthy skin and hair growth, this gives it a dual-use commercially as both a cosmetic and nutritional aid.

Evidence suggests that vitamin has a wide range of helpful effects on the human body. From improving vision and mental states such as learning ability and memory to boosting the immune system to delaying the onset of diseases like Alzheimer’s disease or heart disease, thiamine mononitrate is a sort of all-purpose beneficial component of the diet. Thiamine mononitrate plays both major and minor roles in human health, from supporting the growth of children to counteracting deficiencies caused by alcoholism, and minimizing the effects of motion sickness.

more info at:

https://nutrineat.com/thiamine-mononitrate

https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/thiamin-healthprofessional/

Thiamin Hhttps://healthynews24.com/thiamine-mononitrate/ydrochloride

Chromium Nicotinate Glycinate Chelate

A blend of chromium, glycine, and niacin (vitamin B3), this chelate is a safe and efficient delivery form of the mineral. Niacin also allows for the release of chromium as a biologically active agent.

Weight management
Blood sugar management

A blend of chromium, glycine and niacin (vitamin B3) is generally considered to be one of the safest and most efficient delivery forms of the mineral. Niacin also allows for the release of chromium as a biologically active agent.

Delivery applications

Excellent for Use In:

Foods
Capsules
Tablets
Beverages

Chelated chromium is a dietary supplement containing chromium, a mineral that the human body usually needs to regulate metabolic processes. Humans only need very small amounts of chromium, but it is considered essential for helping. You will see products labeled as chelated boron, chelated calcium, chelated chromium, etc. Chelated minerals are used for supporting normal growth, stabilizing bipolar disorder, building strong. Chromium is considered non-toxic when taken at recommended doses through diet and supplements.

Individuals with kidney or liver disease should limit supplemental chromium intake, particularly chromium picolinate. Those using medications to control blood sugar should only use chromium supplements under the physician’s supervision. The Chromium Chelate Supplements Market has been segmented into various crucial divisions including applications, types, and regions. Each market segment is extensively studied in the report contemplating its market acceptance, worthiness, demand, and growth prospects.

Chromium picolinate is the form of chromium used in most chromium supplements, as well as polynicotinate and chromium chelate. Chromium supplements come in capsule and tablet form. Multivitamins can also contain chromium; the general dosage is 200 mcg. Chromium picolinate has been used in alternative medicine to treat chromium deficiency, as an aid to controlling blood sugar in people with diabetes or prediabetes, to lower cholesterol, and as a weight-loss supplement. Not all are used for chromium.

GTF chromium is bound to the B vitamin niacin, and is used as a nutritional supplement for the optimal function of insulin and improving cholesterol. Chromium may also lower blood sugar levels in individuals who are hypoglycemic and may influence athletic performance.Chromate/leather contact allergy: Chromium supplements can cause allergic reactions in people with chromate or leather contact allergies. Symptoms include redness, swelling, and scaling of the skin.

Notice it is in many diabetic and weight loss supplements. Is any form of chromium safe for me? John July 13, 2017, @ 8:38 am I have type 2 diabetes with blood sugar readings between 6 and 8 Would it be wise for me to take chromium chelate. Virginia August 20, 2017, @ 7:41 pm I didn’t know this form had a bad rap.

Chelated Chromium Albion ® Chromium Nicotinate Glycinate Chelate is a high-quality chelated form of the mineral chromium. Chelated minerals are minerals that have been chemically bound to another molecule (typically an amino acid) to form a complex. Chromium picolinate is the form of chromium commonly found in dietary supplements. It may be effective at improving the body’s response to insulin.

Yet, many are difficult to absorb. For example, your intestine may only absorb 0.4–2.5% of chromium from food. Chelated minerals are meant to boost absorption. The Chromium Chelate Supplements market report includes comprehensive information about the market’s major competitors, including various organizations, companies, associations, suppliers, and manufacturers competing for production, supply, sales, revenue generation, and after-sales performance expectations.NutraBio Chelated Chromium uses a unique and patented form of chromium, which consists of the mineral chromium bound to the natural and more bioavailable L form of the amino acid glycine. Chelating the mineral to glycine gives it maximum assimilation and absorption allowing the mineral to be better transported and utilized throughout the body.

Chromium supplements are available in several forms like chromium polynicotinate, chromium chloride, chromium-enriched yeast, and chromium picolinate (chromium chelated with picolinate, a naturally occurring amino acid metabolite).

more info at:

https://www.evolutionary.org/chromium-as-nicotinate-glycinate-chelate/

https://healthfully.com/495328-chromium-dinicotinate-glycinate-dangers.html

Chromium Dinicotinate Glycinate

Chromium dinicotinate glycinate, or CDG, is a form of the mineral chromium that is used for its potential health benefits. CDG binds chromium with niacin and glycine to enhance the uptake of chromium in your body and is the preferred form of supplement manufacturers due to its increased bioavailability, according to the 2008 book “Essentials of Sports Nutrition and Supplements.” Despite its potential benefits, several side effects with CDG supplementation may occur. Consult your physician before taking any nutritional supplement containing chromium or chromium dinicotinate glycinate.

Chromium Toxicity

According to the Office of Dietary Supplements, the Institute of Medicine has not established a tolerable upper intake level, or UL, for chromium because there is not enough evidence related to its effects in high doses 1. However, the University of Maryland Medical Center states that high doses of chromium can inhibit insulin production and cause stomach irritation, itching, flushing, irregular heart rhythms, and liver dysfunction.

Niacin Toxicity

Niacin, or vitamin B-3, is cleaved from the chromium molecule in CDG once it is absorbed by your body. Excess niacin through over-supplementation of CDG and from other sources may cause:

side effects
including itching or burning of the skin
headache
blurred vision
nausea
vomiting
diarrhea
heartburn
bloating

Other, more severe side effects of niacin over-supplementation include dizziness, rapid heartbeat, and yellowing of the skin, called jaundice.

Glycine Toxicity

For every molecule of chromium in CDG that is absorbed by your body, one molecule of glycine is also absorbed, according to the authors of “Essentials of Sports Nutrition and Supplements.” Glycine is a naturally occurring amino acid in your body and is therefore generally well-tolerated, even in large amounts. However, the process of removing the glycine molecule from CDG occurs in the stomach and upper gastrointestinal tract, which can cause some digestive distress. The most common side effects of CDG supplementation include nausea, upset stomach, diarrhea and vomiting, which are usually associated with the breakdown of CDG into glycine and niacin.

For every molecule of chromium in CDG that is absorbed by your body, one molecule of glycine is also absorbed, according to the authors of “Essentials of Sports Nutrition and Supplements.”
However, the process of removing the glycine molecule from CDG occurs in the stomach and upper gastrointestinal tract, which can cause some digestive distress.

Other Precautions

According to a 2002 study published in the “Alternative Medicine Review,” chromium supplements, including chromium dinicotinate glycinate, chromium supplementation appears to be safe for most individuals 12. However, high doses of chromium supplements may interfere with some of your body’s hormones, which can cause changes in blood sugar regulation and insulin sensitivity 1. Chromium supplements also promote the storage of chromium in various body tissues, especially your kidneys, which may be cause for concern if you suffer from kidney disease or renal failure, although no clear connection has been established 1.

more info at:

https://www.supplementnews.org/Chromium_(as_Chromium_Dinicotinate_Glycinate)

Copper Citrate

: a green or bluish-green crystalline powder used as an astringent and antiseptic

— called also cupric citrate

The anti-inflammatory activity of regular aspirin is just 6% of that of cortisone. However, when copper is mixed with aspirin, the anti-inflammatory activity is found to increase to about 130% of cortisone.

Copper supplements usually come into the picture when our regular diet is found to be inadequate to supply the required nutrient. Although the body needs copper in miniscule amounts, it is necessary for proper growth and to maintain health. So supplemental intake of the mineral in oral or injectable form may become necessary if the copper level is found to be below the normal range.

Benefits

Fixes Copper Deficiency

Supplements have long been the first line of treatment for nutrient deficiency. Taking a copper supplement delivers the much-needed nutrient that is lacking in your diet. A copper deficiency that may lead to decreased insulin activity and temporary hyperglycemia can be treated by taking a supplement. Although the copper deficiency is a rarity, people suffering from chronic diarrhea or those with intestinal problems, such as Crohn’s disease that interferes with absorption of nutrients, are likely to be deficient in this nutrient.

Corrects Anemia

Copper supplements may also be recommended to treat iron-deficiency anemia. It is observed that copper helps facilitate the absorption of iron. It ensures that iron reaches the innumerable cells in the body. Your body cannot use iron effectively if your diet is lacking in copper. However, when copper availability is inadequate, it can hinder iron absorption and eventually lead to anemia―a condition in which red blood cells are below normal in number.

Lowers High Cholesterol Levels

Inadequate copper intake has been correlated to increased cholesterol levels. In other words, copper deficiency is one of the possible factors in raising blood cholesterol. So, a supplemental intake of copper may help treat copper deficiency and regulate cholesterol levels.

Relieves Rheumatoid Arthritis

The trace mineral copper displays anti-inflammatory activity, which may work in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Copper promotes activation of a specific enzyme, which is known to safeguard joints against inflammation. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients tend to suffer from a deficiency in copper. Hence, taking copper supplements that act as an enzyme activator may help alleviate symptoms of RA.

more info at:

https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Copper-citrate

https://www.webmd.com/vitamins-and-supplements/copper-your-health

Methylcobalamin

Methylcobalamin (vitamin B12)

Generic name: methylcobalamin (vitamin B12) oral/injection (METH il koe BAL a min)
Brand name: Methyl B-12, Vitamin B12 Methylcobalamin
Dosage forms: injectable solution (1 mg/mL; 10 mg/mL; 5 mg/mL); oral capsule (2000 mcg); oral lozenge (1 mg; 500 mcg); oral tablet, disintegrating (1 mg); sublingual tablet (5000 mcg)
Drug class: Vitamin

Methylcobalamin (vitamin B12)

What is methylcobalamin?

Methylcobalamin is used to treat vitamin B12 deficiency. Vitamin B12 is important for the brain and nerves, and for the production of red blood cells.

Methylcobalamin is sometimes used in people with pernicious anemia, diabetes, and other conditions.

Methylcobalamin may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide.

Warnings

Follow all directions on your medicine label and package. Tell each of your healthcare providers about all your medical conditions, allergies, and all medicines you use.

Before taking this medicine

You should not use methylcobalamin if you are allergic to vitamin B12 or cobalt.

Tell your doctor if you have ever had:

Leber’s disease or another form of optic nerve damage;
an iron or folic acid deficiency; or
low levels of potassium in your blood.

Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or breastfeeding.

Do not give methylcobalamin to a child without medical advice.

How should I use methylcobalamin?

Use exactly as directed on the label, or as prescribed by your doctor.

Methylcobalamin oral is taken by mouth.

Methylcobalamin injection is injected into a muscle, usually 1 to 3 times per week. A healthcare provider can teach you how to properly use the medication by yourself.

Read and carefully follow any Instructions for Use provided with your medicine. Ask your doctor or pharmacist if you don’t understand all instructions.

Do not swallow a lozenge, disintegrating tablet, or sublingual tablet whole. Allow it to dissolve in your mouth without chewing. The sublingual tablet should be placed under your tongue.

Your dose needs may change if you become pregnant, if you breastfeed, or if you eat a vegetarian diet. Tell your doctor about any changes in your diet or medical condition.

For more information, you may also consult the Office of Dietary Supplements of the National Institutes of Health, or the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Dietary Reference Intakes (formerly “Recommended Daily Allowances”) listings for more information.

Store at room temperature away from moisture and heat.

What happens if I miss a dose?

Use the medicine as soon as you can, but skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next dose. Do not use two doses at one time.

What happens if I overdose?

Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222.

What should I avoid while taking methylcobalamin?

Avoid drinking large amounts of alcohol. Heavy drinking can make it harder for your body to absorb methylcobalamin.

Methylcobalamin side effects

Get emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficult breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat.

Common side effects may include:

nausea, vomiting, diarrhea;
loss of appetite; or
headache.

This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.

What other drugs will affect methylcobalamin?

Tell your doctor about all your other medicines, especially:

chloramphenicol;
colchicine
antibiotic medicine;
oral diabetes medicine that contains metformin; or
medicines that reduce stomach acids, such as cimetidine, omeprazole, lansoprazole, Nexium, Prevacid, Prilosec, Zantac, and others.

This list is not complete. Other drugs may affect methylcobalamin, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products. Not all possible drug interactions are listed here.

more info at:

https://www.drugs.com/mtm/methylcobalamin-vitamin-b12.html

ZipFuzz Shots

https://www.livestrong.com/article/500429-the-dangers-of-zipfizz-liquid-shot/

Zip Fuzz Reviews on Amazon

Important information

Safety Information

Store at 15-30Ã‚Â° C (59-86Ã‚Â° F) Protect from heat, light, and moisture. Do not purchase if the seal is broken. Contains 100 mg of caffeine per serving from natural sources. Not recommended for children, pregnant women, people sensitive to caffeine, or people with a health condition. Do not leave the mixed products in direct sunlight. Limit 3 tubes per day. This product is labeled to United States standards and may differ from similar products sold elsewhere in its ingredients, labeling, and allergen warnings

Ingredients

Ingredients: Citric acid, glucose polymers, potassium carbonate, tartaric acid, calcium ascorbate, natural flavors, magnesium glycinate, potassium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, caffeine (guarana seed extract), silica, grape skin extract, L-arginine, potassium citrate, taurine, sucralose, d-alpha-tocopheryl acetate, niacin, zinc amino acid chelate, grape seed extract, manganese gluconate, green tea leaf extract, pyridoxal-5-phosphate, chromium dinicotinate glycinate, alpha-lipoic acid, D-calcium pantothenate, cyanocobalamin, KonaRed™ coffee fruit, American ginseng root extract, ginger root, selenium-L-methionine complex, xylitol, riboflavin-5-phosphate, thiamin hydrochloride, folic acid, and methylcobalamin.

Directions

Use 16-20 fl. oz. cold bottled water (drink a sip to make room for powder). Add 1 tube of powder. Shake well.

Legal Disclaimer

Actual products packaging and materials may contain more and different information than what is shown on the website. We recommend that you do not rely solely on the information presented and that you always read labels, warnings, and directions before using and consuming a product. Please see our full disclaimer below.

Statements regarding dietary supplements have not been evaluated by the FDA and are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease or health condition.

Specifications

Brand

Zipfizz

Container Size

0.39 oz.

Dietary Features

Sugar-Free

Flavor

Orange

Quantity

30 Tube(s)

Supplement Form

Powder

All the forms that you'll need to visit Riktr PRO Massage — Visit Riktr Artistic PRO Massage, Santa Barbara, Ca.

*Disclaimer: This information is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice. You should not use this information to diagnose or treat a health problem or disease without consulting with a qualified healthcare provider.
Please consult your healthcare provider with any questions or concerns you may have regarding your condition.
The information provided is for educational purposes only and is not intended as a diagnosis, treatment, or prescription of any kind. The decision to use, or not to use, any information is the sole responsibility of the reader. These statements are not expressions of legal opinion relative to the scope of practice, medical diagnosis, or medical advice, nor do they represent an endorsement of any product, company, or specific massage therapy technique, modality, or approach. All trademarks, registered trademarks, brand names, registered brand names, logos, and company logos referenced in this post are the property of their owners.

Advertised Features:

Zipfizz® Healthy Energy Drink Mix

Vitamin B12

Immune Boost

Black Cherry & Other Ingredients in Other Flavors

Energy Drink Preservatives and Artificial Colors

Ok, let’s break down each ingredient:

Citric Acid

Potassium Carbonate

Harmful effects that can be caused by potassium carbonate

Body systems harmed by potassium carbonate

Where to learn more

Summary

Glucose Polymers

Uses

Benefits

Cautions

Interactions

Other names

References

Malic Acid

Is malic acid sour?

What does malic acid do for the body?

What is malic acid used for?

What is the most common acid added to food?

Benefits

1. General Energy Enhancer

2. Helps Treat Fibromyalgia and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

3. Promotes Better Exercise Performance

4. Helps Common Skin Concerns (Like Wrinkles and Breakouts)

5. Improves Oral Health

6. Boosts Iron Absorption

Risks, Side Effects, and Interactions

Is malic acid bad for you?

Is malic acid good for gallstones?

Does malic acid raise blood sugar?

Does malic acid help weight loss?

How does it work?

Side Effects

Tartaric Acid

Alpha-lipoic acid

Possibly Effective for

Possibly Ineffective for

Calcium Ascorbate

Natural Bing Cherry Flavor

History

Artificial vs. Natural

Safety

Natural Flavors

What are natural flavors?

Here are my top four reasons to avoid natural flavors

Reason #1: natural flavors are 90 percent chemical junk

Reason #2: natural flavors are basically perfumes for your mouth

Reason #3: natural flavors are designed by Big Food to be addictive

Reason #4: The FDA lets flavor companies call the shots

Magnesium Glycinate

Caffeine ( Guarana seed extract )

Magnesium Amino Acid Chelate

What should I discuss with my healthcare provider before taking chelated magnesium?

What are the possible side effects of chelated magnesium?

What other drugs will affect chelated magnesium?

Potassium Bicarbonate

Sodium Bicarbonate

How does it work?

Beet Root (for color)

Caramel (for color)

Silica

Potassium Citrate

Taurine

Sucralose (Splenda)

The bottom line

L – Arginine

dl-alpha-Tocopheryl Acetate

Zinc Bisglycinate Chelate

Zinc Amino Acid Chelate

Manganese Gluconate

How does it work?

Side effects, toxicity, and interactions

Grape Seed Extract

Niacin